"""Docker execution environment wrapping mini-swe-agent's DockerEnvironment. Adds security hardening (cap-drop ALL, no-new-privileges, PID limits), configurable resource limits (CPU, memory, disk), and optional filesystem persistence via bind mounts. """ import logging import os import shutil import subprocess import sys import threading import time from typing import Optional from tools.environments.base import BaseEnvironment from tools.interrupt import is_interrupted logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) # Common Docker Desktop install paths checked when 'docker' is not in PATH. # macOS Intel: /usr/local/bin, macOS Apple Silicon (Homebrew): /opt/homebrew/bin, # Docker Desktop app bundle: /Applications/Docker.app/Contents/Resources/bin _DOCKER_SEARCH_PATHS = [ "/usr/local/bin/docker", "/opt/homebrew/bin/docker", "/Applications/Docker.app/Contents/Resources/bin/docker", ] _docker_executable: Optional[str] = None # resolved once, cached def find_docker() -> Optional[str]: """Locate the docker CLI binary. Checks ``shutil.which`` first (respects PATH), then probes well-known install locations on macOS where Docker Desktop may not be in PATH (e.g. when running as a gateway service via launchd). Returns the absolute path, or ``None`` if docker cannot be found. """ global _docker_executable if _docker_executable is not None: return _docker_executable found = shutil.which("docker") if found: _docker_executable = found return found for path in _DOCKER_SEARCH_PATHS: if os.path.isfile(path) and os.access(path, os.X_OK): _docker_executable = path logger.info("Found docker at non-PATH location: %s", path) return path return None # Security flags applied to every container. # The container itself is the security boundary (isolated from host). # We drop all capabilities then add back the minimum needed: # DAC_OVERRIDE - root can write to bind-mounted dirs owned by host user # CHOWN/FOWNER - package managers (pip, npm, apt) need to set file ownership # Block privilege escalation and limit PIDs. # /tmp is size-limited and nosuid but allows exec (needed by pip/npm builds). _SECURITY_ARGS = [ "--cap-drop", "ALL", "--cap-add", "DAC_OVERRIDE", "--cap-add", "CHOWN", "--cap-add", "FOWNER", "--security-opt", "no-new-privileges", "--pids-limit", "256", "--tmpfs", "/tmp:rw,nosuid,size=512m", "--tmpfs", "/var/tmp:rw,noexec,nosuid,size=256m", "--tmpfs", "/run:rw,noexec,nosuid,size=64m", ] _storage_opt_ok: Optional[bool] = None # cached result across instances class DockerEnvironment(BaseEnvironment): """Hardened Docker container execution with resource limits and persistence. Security: all capabilities dropped, no privilege escalation, PID limits, size-limited tmpfs for scratch dirs. The container itself is the security boundary — the filesystem inside is writable so agents can install packages (pip, npm, apt) as needed. Writable workspace via tmpfs or bind mounts. Persistence: when enabled, bind mounts preserve /workspace and /root across container restarts. """ def __init__( self, image: str, cwd: str = "/root", timeout: int = 60, cpu: float = 0, memory: int = 0, disk: int = 0, persistent_filesystem: bool = False, task_id: str = "default", volumes: list = None, network: bool = True, ): if cwd == "~": cwd = "/root" super().__init__(cwd=cwd, timeout=timeout) self._base_image = image self._persistent = persistent_filesystem self._task_id = task_id self._container_id: Optional[str] = None logger.info(f"DockerEnvironment volumes: {volumes}") # Ensure volumes is a list (config.yaml could be malformed) if volumes is not None and not isinstance(volumes, list): logger.warning(f"docker_volumes config is not a list: {volumes!r}") volumes = [] from minisweagent.environments.docker import DockerEnvironment as _Docker # Build resource limit args resource_args = [] if cpu > 0: resource_args.extend(["--cpus", str(cpu)]) if memory > 0: resource_args.extend(["--memory", f"{memory}m"]) if disk > 0 and sys.platform != "darwin": if self._storage_opt_supported(): resource_args.extend(["--storage-opt", f"size={disk}m"]) else: logger.warning( "Docker storage driver does not support per-container disk limits " "(requires overlay2 on XFS with pquota). Container will run without disk quota." ) if not network: resource_args.append("--network=none") # Persistent workspace via bind mounts from a configurable host directory # (TERMINAL_SANDBOX_DIR, default ~/.hermes/sandboxes/). Non-persistent # mode uses tmpfs (ephemeral, fast, gone on cleanup). from tools.environments.base import get_sandbox_dir self._workspace_dir: Optional[str] = None self._home_dir: Optional[str] = None if self._persistent: sandbox = get_sandbox_dir() / "docker" / task_id self._workspace_dir = str(sandbox / "workspace") self._home_dir = str(sandbox / "home") os.makedirs(self._workspace_dir, exist_ok=True) os.makedirs(self._home_dir, exist_ok=True) writable_args = [ "-v", f"{self._workspace_dir}:/workspace", "-v", f"{self._home_dir}:/root", ] else: writable_args = [ "--tmpfs", "/workspace:rw,exec,size=10g", "--tmpfs", "/home:rw,exec,size=1g", "--tmpfs", "/root:rw,exec,size=1g", ] # All containers get security hardening (capabilities dropped, no privilege # escalation, PID limits). The container filesystem is writable so agents # can install packages as needed. # User-configured volume mounts (from config.yaml docker_volumes) volume_args = [] for vol in (volumes or []): if not isinstance(vol, str): logger.warning(f"Docker volume entry is not a string: {vol!r}") continue vol = vol.strip() if not vol: continue if ":" in vol: volume_args.extend(["-v", vol]) else: logger.warning(f"Docker volume '{vol}' missing colon, skipping") logger.info(f"Docker volume_args: {volume_args}") all_run_args = list(_SECURITY_ARGS) + writable_args + resource_args + volume_args logger.info(f"Docker run_args: {all_run_args}") # Resolve the docker executable once so it works even when # /usr/local/bin is not in PATH (common on macOS gateway/service). docker_exe = find_docker() or "docker" self._inner = _Docker( image=image, cwd=cwd, timeout=timeout, run_args=all_run_args, executable=docker_exe, ) self._container_id = self._inner.container_id @staticmethod def _storage_opt_supported() -> bool: """Check if Docker's storage driver supports --storage-opt size=. Only overlay2 on XFS with pquota supports per-container disk quotas. Ubuntu (and most distros) default to ext4, where this flag errors out. """ global _storage_opt_ok if _storage_opt_ok is not None: return _storage_opt_ok try: docker = find_docker() or "docker" result = subprocess.run( [docker, "info", "--format", "{{.Driver}}"], capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=10, ) driver = result.stdout.strip().lower() if driver != "overlay2": _storage_opt_ok = False return False # overlay2 only supports storage-opt on XFS with pquota. # Probe by attempting a dry-ish run — the fastest reliable check. probe = subprocess.run( [docker, "create", "--storage-opt", "size=1m", "hello-world"], capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=15, ) if probe.returncode == 0: # Clean up the created container container_id = probe.stdout.strip() if container_id: subprocess.run([docker, "rm", container_id], capture_output=True, timeout=5) _storage_opt_ok = True else: _storage_opt_ok = False except Exception: _storage_opt_ok = False logger.debug("Docker --storage-opt support: %s", _storage_opt_ok) return _storage_opt_ok def execute(self, command: str, cwd: str = "", *, timeout: int | None = None, stdin_data: str | None = None) -> dict: exec_command, sudo_stdin = self._prepare_command(command) work_dir = cwd or self.cwd effective_timeout = timeout or self.timeout # Merge sudo password (if any) with caller-supplied stdin_data. if sudo_stdin is not None and stdin_data is not None: effective_stdin = sudo_stdin + stdin_data elif sudo_stdin is not None: effective_stdin = sudo_stdin else: effective_stdin = stdin_data # docker exec -w doesn't expand ~, so prepend a cd into the command if work_dir == "~" or work_dir.startswith("~/"): exec_command = f"cd {work_dir} && {exec_command}" work_dir = "/" assert self._inner.container_id, "Container not started" cmd = [self._inner.config.executable, "exec"] if effective_stdin is not None: cmd.append("-i") cmd.extend(["-w", work_dir]) for key in self._inner.config.forward_env: if (value := os.getenv(key)) is not None: cmd.extend(["-e", f"{key}={value}"]) for key, value in self._inner.config.env.items(): cmd.extend(["-e", f"{key}={value}"]) cmd.extend([self._inner.container_id, "bash", "-lc", exec_command]) try: _output_chunks = [] proc = subprocess.Popen( cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, stdin=subprocess.PIPE if effective_stdin else subprocess.DEVNULL, text=True, ) if effective_stdin: try: proc.stdin.write(effective_stdin) proc.stdin.close() except Exception: pass def _drain(): try: for line in proc.stdout: _output_chunks.append(line) except Exception: pass reader = threading.Thread(target=_drain, daemon=True) reader.start() deadline = time.monotonic() + effective_timeout while proc.poll() is None: if is_interrupted(): proc.terminate() try: proc.wait(timeout=1) except subprocess.TimeoutExpired: proc.kill() reader.join(timeout=2) return { "output": "".join(_output_chunks) + "\n[Command interrupted]", "returncode": 130, } if time.monotonic() > deadline: proc.kill() reader.join(timeout=2) return self._timeout_result(effective_timeout) time.sleep(0.2) reader.join(timeout=5) return {"output": "".join(_output_chunks), "returncode": proc.returncode} except Exception as e: return {"output": f"Docker execution error: {e}", "returncode": 1} def cleanup(self): """Stop and remove the container. Bind-mount dirs persist if persistent=True.""" self._inner.cleanup() if not self._persistent: import shutil for d in (self._workspace_dir, self._home_dir): if d: shutil.rmtree(d, ignore_errors=True)