# Hermes Agent - Testing Infrastructure Deep Analysis

## Executive Summary

The hermes-agent project has a **comprehensive test suite** with **373 test files** containing approximately **4,300+ test functions**. The tests are organized into 10 subdirectories covering all major components.

---

## 1. Test Suite Structure & Statistics

### 1.1 Directory Breakdown

| Directory | Test Files | Focus Area |
|-----------|------------|------------|
| `tests/tools/` | 86 | Tool implementations, file operations, environments |
| `tests/gateway/` | 96 | Platform integrations (Discord, Telegram, Slack, etc.) |
| `tests/hermes_cli/` | 48 | CLI commands, configuration, setup flows |
| `tests/agent/` | 16 | Core agent logic, prompt building, model adapters |
| `tests/integration/` | 8 | End-to-end integration tests |
| `tests/acp/` | 8 | Agent Communication Protocol |
| `tests/cron/` | 3 | Cron job scheduling |
| `tests/skills/` | 5 | Skill management |
| `tests/honcho_integration/` | 5 | Honcho memory integration |
| `tests/fakes/` | 2 | Test fixtures and fake servers |
| **Total** | **373** | **~4,311 test functions** |

### 1.2 Test Classification

**Unit Tests:** ~95% (3,600+)
**Integration Tests:** ~5% (marked with `@pytest.mark.integration`)
**Async Tests:** ~679 tests use `@pytest.mark.asyncio`

### 1.3 Largest Test Files (by line count)

1. `tests/test_run_agent.py` - 3,329 lines (212 tests) - Core agent logic
2. `tests/tools/test_mcp_tool.py` - 2,902 lines (147 tests) - MCP protocol
3. `tests/gateway/test_voice_command.py` - 2,632 lines - Voice features
4. `tests/gateway/test_feishu.py` - 2,580 lines - Feishu platform
5. `tests/gateway/test_api_server.py` - 1,503 lines - API server

---

## 2. Coverage Heat Map - Critical Gaps Identified

### 2.1 NO TEST COVERAGE (Red Zone)

#### Agent Module Gaps:
- `agent/copilot_acp_client.py` - Copilot integration (0 tests)
- `agent/gemini_adapter.py` - Google Gemini model support (0 tests)
- `agent/knowledge_ingester.py` - Knowledge ingestion (0 tests)
- `agent/meta_reasoning.py` - Meta-reasoning capabilities (0 tests)
- `agent/skill_utils.py` - Skill utilities (0 tests)
- `agent/trajectory.py` - Trajectory management (0 tests)

#### Tools Module Gaps:
- `tools/browser_tool.py` - Browser automation (0 tests)
- `tools/code_execution_tool.py` - Code execution (0 tests)
- `tools/gitea_client.py` - Gitea integration (0 tests)
- `tools/image_generation_tool.py` - Image generation (0 tests)
- `tools/neutts_synth.py` - Neural TTS (0 tests)
- `tools/openrouter_client.py` - OpenRouter API (0 tests)
- `tools/session_search_tool.py` - Session search (0 tests)
- `tools/terminal_tool.py` - Terminal operations (0 tests)
- `tools/tts_tool.py` - Text-to-speech (0 tests)
- `tools/web_tools.py` - Web tools core (0 tests)

#### Gateway Module Gaps:
- `gateway/run.py` - Gateway runner (0 tests)
- `gateway/stream_consumer.py` - Stream consumption (0 tests)

#### Root-Level Gaps:
- `hermes_constants.py` - Constants (0 tests)
- `hermes_time.py` - Time utilities (0 tests)
- `mini_swe_runner.py` - SWE runner (0 tests)
- `rl_cli.py` - RL CLI (0 tests)
- `utils.py` - Utilities (0 tests)

### 2.2 LIMITED COVERAGE (Yellow Zone)

- `agent/models_dev.py` - Only 19 tests for complex model routing
- `agent/smart_model_routing.py` - Only 6 tests
- `tools/approval.py` - 2 test files but complex logic
- `tools/skills_guard.py` - Security-critical, needs more coverage

### 2.3 GOOD COVERAGE (Green Zone)

- `agent/anthropic_adapter.py` - 97 tests (comprehensive)
- `agent/prompt_builder.py` - 108 tests (excellent)
- `tools/mcp_tool.py` - 147 tests (very comprehensive)
- `tools/file_tools.py` - Multiple test files
- `gateway/discord.py` - 11 test files covering various aspects
- `gateway/telegram.py` - 10 test files
- `gateway/session.py` - 15 test files

---

## 3. Test Patterns Analysis

### 3.1 Fixtures Architecture

**Global Fixtures (`conftest.py`):**
- `_isolate_hermes_home` - Isolates HERMES_HOME to temp directory (autouse)
- `_ensure_current_event_loop` - Event loop management for sync tests (autouse)
- `_enforce_test_timeout` - 30-second timeout per test (autouse)
- `tmp_dir` - Temporary directory fixture
- `mock_config` - Minimal hermes config for unit tests

**Common Patterns:**
```python
# Isolation pattern
@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
def isolate_env(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
    monkeypatch.setenv("HERMES_HOME", str(tmp_path))

# Mock client pattern
@pytest.fixture
def mock_agent():
    with patch("run_agent.OpenAI") as mock:
        yield mock
```

### 3.2 Mock Usage Statistics

- **~12,468 mock/patch usages** across the test suite
- Heavy use of `unittest.mock.patch` and `MagicMock`
- `AsyncMock` used for async function mocking
- `SimpleNamespace` for creating mock API response objects

### 3.3 Test Organization Patterns

**Class-Based Organization:**
- 1,532 test classes identified
- Grouped by functionality: `Test<Feature><Scenario>`
- Example: `TestSanitizeApiMessages`, `TestContextPressureFlags`

**Function-Based Organization:**
- Used for simpler test files
- Naming: `test_<feature>_<scenario>`

### 3.4 Async Test Patterns

```python
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_async_function():
    result = await async_function()
    assert result == expected
```

---

## 4. 20 New Test Recommendations (Priority Order)

### Critical Priority (Security/Risk)

1. **Browser Tool Security Tests** (`tools/browser_tool.py`)
   - Test sandbox escape prevention
   - Test malicious script blocking
   - Test content security policy enforcement

2. **Code Execution Sandbox Tests** (`tools/code_execution_tool.py`)
   - Test resource limits (CPU, memory)
   - Test dangerous import blocking
   - Test timeout enforcement
   - Test filesystem access restrictions

3. **Terminal Tool Safety Tests** (`tools/terminal_tool.py`)
   - Test dangerous command blocking
   - Test command injection prevention
   - Test environment variable sanitization

4. **OpenRouter Client Tests** (`tools/openrouter_client.py`)
   - Test API key handling
   - Test rate limit handling
   - Test error response parsing

### High Priority (Core Functionality)

5. **Gemini Adapter Tests** (`agent/gemini_adapter.py`)
   - Test message format conversion
   - Test tool call normalization
   - Test streaming response handling

6. **Copilot ACP Client Tests** (`agent/copilot_acp_client.py`)
   - Test authentication flow
   - Test session management
   - Test message passing

7. **Knowledge Ingester Tests** (`agent/knowledge_ingester.py`)
   - Test document parsing
   - Test embedding generation
   - Test knowledge retrieval

8. **Stream Consumer Tests** (`gateway/stream_consumer.py`)
   - Test backpressure handling
   - Test reconnection logic
   - Test message ordering guarantees

### Medium Priority (Integration/Features)

9. **Web Tools Core Tests** (`tools/web_tools.py`)
   - Test search result parsing
   - Test content extraction
   - Test error handling for unavailable services

10. **Image Generation Tool Tests** (`tools/image_generation_tool.py`)
    - Test prompt filtering
    - Test image format handling
    - Test provider failover

11. **Gitea Client Tests** (`tools/gitea_client.py`)
    - Test repository operations
    - Test webhook handling
    - Test authentication

12. **Session Search Tool Tests** (`tools/session_search_tool.py`)
    - Test query parsing
    - Test result ranking
    - Test pagination

13. **Meta Reasoning Tests** (`agent/meta_reasoning.py`)
    - Test strategy selection
    - Test reflection generation
    - Test learning from failures

14. **TTS Tool Tests** (`tools/tts_tool.py`)
    - Test voice selection
    - Test audio format conversion
    - Test streaming playback

15. **Neural TTS Tests** (`tools/neutts_synth.py`)
    - Test voice cloning safety
    - Test audio quality validation
    - Test resource cleanup

### Lower Priority (Utilities)

16. **Hermes Constants Tests** (`hermes_constants.py`)
    - Test constant values
    - Test environment-specific overrides

17. **Time Utilities Tests** (`hermes_time.py`)
    - Test timezone handling
    - Test formatting functions

18. **Utils Module Tests** (`utils.py`)
    - Test helper functions
    - Test validation utilities

19. **Mini SWE Runner Tests** (`mini_swe_runner.py`)
    - Test repository setup
    - Test test execution
    - Test result parsing

20. **RL CLI Tests** (`rl_cli.py`)
    - Test training command parsing
    - Test configuration validation
    - Test checkpoint handling

---

## 5. Test Optimization Opportunities

### 5.1 Performance Issues Identified

**Large Test Files (Split Recommended):**
- `tests/test_run_agent.py` (3,329 lines) → Split into multiple files
- `tests/tools/test_mcp_tool.py` (2,902 lines) → Split by MCP feature
- `tests/test_anthropic_adapter.py` (1,219 lines) → Consider splitting

**Potential Slow Tests:**
- Integration tests with real API calls
- Tests with file I/O operations
- Tests with subprocess spawning

### 5.2 Optimization Recommendations

1. **Parallel Execution Already Configured**
   - `pytest-xdist` with `-n auto` in CI
   - Maintains isolation through fixtures

2. **Fixture Scope Optimization**
   - Review `autouse=True` fixtures for necessity
   - Consider session-scoped fixtures for expensive setup

3. **Mock External Services**
   - Some integration tests still hit real APIs
   - Create more fakes like `fake_ha_server.py`

4. **Test Data Management**
   - Use factory pattern for test data generation
   - Share test fixtures across related tests

### 5.3 CI/CD Optimizations

Current CI (`.github/workflows/tests.yml`):
- Uses `uv` for fast dependency installation
- Runs with `-n auto` for parallelization
- Ignores integration tests by default
- 10-minute timeout

**Recommended Improvements:**
1. Add test duration reporting (`--durations=10`)
2. Add coverage reporting
3. Separate fast unit tests from slower integration tests
4. Add flaky test retry mechanism

---

## 6. Missing Integration Test Scenarios

### 6.1 Cross-Component Integration

1. **End-to-End Agent Flow**
   - User message → Gateway → Agent → Tools → Response
   - Test with real (mocked) LLM responses

2. **Multi-Platform Gateway**
   - Message routing between platforms
   - Session persistence across platforms

3. **Tool + Environment Integration**
   - Terminal tool with different backends (local, docker, modal)
   - File operations with permission checks

4. **Skill Lifecycle Integration**
   - Skill installation → Registration → Execution → Update → Removal

5. **Memory + Honcho Integration**
   - Memory storage → Retrieval → Context injection

### 6.2 Failure Scenario Integration Tests

1. **LLM Provider Failover**
   - Primary provider down → Fallback provider
   - Rate limiting handling

2. **Gateway Reconnection**
   - Platform disconnect → Reconnect → Resume session

3. **Tool Execution Failures**
   - Tool timeout → Retry → Fallback
   - Tool error → Error handling → User notification

4. **Checkpoint Recovery**
   - Crash during batch → Resume from checkpoint
   - Corrupted checkpoint handling

### 6.3 Security Integration Tests

1. **Prompt Injection Across Stack**
   - Gateway input → Agent processing → Tool execution

2. **Permission Escalation Prevention**
   - User permissions → Tool allowlist → Execution

3. **Data Leak Prevention**
   - Memory storage → Context building → Response generation

---

## 7. Performance Test Strategy

### 7.1 Load Testing Requirements

1. **Gateway Load Tests**
   - Concurrent session handling
   - Message throughput per platform
   - Memory usage under load

2. **Agent Response Time Tests**
   - End-to-end latency benchmarks
   - Tool execution time budgets
   - Context building performance

3. **Resource Utilization Tests**
   - Memory leaks in long-running sessions
   - File descriptor limits
   - CPU usage patterns

### 7.2 Benchmark Framework

```python
# Proposed performance test structure
class TestGatewayPerformance:
    @pytest.mark.benchmark
    def test_message_throughput(self, benchmark):
        # Measure messages processed per second
        pass
    
    @pytest.mark.benchmark
    def test_session_creation_latency(self, benchmark):
        # Measure session setup time
        pass
```

### 7.3 Performance Regression Detection

1. **Baseline Establishment**
   - Record baseline metrics for critical paths
   - Store in version control

2. **Automated Comparison**
   - Compare PR performance against baseline
   - Fail if degradation > 10%

3. **Metrics to Track**
   - Test suite execution time
   - Memory peak usage
   - Individual test durations

---

## 8. Test Infrastructure Improvements

### 8.1 Coverage Tooling

**Missing:** Code coverage reporting
**Recommendation:** Add `pytest-cov` to dev dependencies

```toml
[project.optional-dependencies]
dev = [
    "pytest>=9.0.2,<10",
    "pytest-asyncio>=1.3.0,<2",
    "pytest-xdist>=3.0,<4",
    "pytest-cov>=5.0,<6",  # Add this
    "mcp>=1.2.0,<2"
]
```

### 8.2 Test Categories

Add more pytest markers for selective test running:

```python
# In pytest.ini or pyproject.toml
markers = [
    "integration: marks tests requiring external services",
    "slow: marks slow tests (>5s)",
    "security: marks security-focused tests",
    "benchmark: marks performance benchmark tests",
    "flakey: marks tests that may be unstable",
]
```

### 8.3 Test Data Factory

Create centralized test data factories:

```python
# tests/factories.py
class AgentFactory:
    @staticmethod
    def create_mock_agent(tools=None):
        # Return configured mock agent
        pass

class MessageFactory:
    @staticmethod
    def create_user_message(content):
        # Return formatted user message
        pass
```

---

## 9. Summary & Action Items

### Immediate Actions (High Impact)

1. **Add coverage reporting** to CI pipeline
2. **Create tests for uncovered security-critical modules:**
   - `tools/code_execution_tool.py`
   - `tools/browser_tool.py`
   - `tools/terminal_tool.py`
3. **Split oversized test files** for better maintainability
4. **Add Gemini adapter tests** (increasingly important provider)

### Short-term (1-2 Sprints)

5. Create integration tests for cross-component flows
6. Add performance benchmarks for critical paths
7. Expand OpenRouter client test coverage
8. Add knowledge ingester tests

### Long-term (Quarter)

9. Achieve 80% code coverage across all modules
10. Implement performance regression testing
11. Create comprehensive security test suite
12. Document testing patterns and best practices

---

## Appendix: Test File Size Distribution

| Lines | Count | Category |
|-------|-------|----------|
| 0-100 | ~50 | Simple unit tests |
| 100-500 | ~200 | Standard test files |
| 500-1000 | ~80 | Complex feature tests |
| 1000-2000 | ~30 | Large test suites |
| 2000+ | ~13 | Monolithic test files (needs splitting) |

---

*Analysis generated: March 30, 2026*
*Total test files analyzed: 373*
*Estimated test functions: ~4,311*
