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burn/64-17
| Author | SHA1 | Date | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 39058c7330 | |||
| a89cc0db0e |
@@ -1,6 +1,21 @@
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# PROJECT STATUS — Living Tracker
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> **For current status, see [STATUS_TRACKER.md](./STATUS_TRACKER.md).**
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> Updated on each milestone. This file contains detailed phase reports.
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>
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> Quick view:
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> - Phase 1: DONE
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> - Phase 2: IN PROGRESS
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> - Edge Crisis Detection: DONE
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> - Integration PR: NOT STARTED
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> - QJL: NOT STARTED
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> - Ollama: NOT STARTED
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---
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# TurboQuant Project Status
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# TurboQuant Phase 1 Report — PolarQuant MVP
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# TurboQuant Phase 1 Report â PolarQuant MVP
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**Date:** 2026-03-30
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**Prepared by:** Timmy (execution) for Frankie's team (Strago, Cid, Locke, John)
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@@ -16,13 +31,13 @@ Phase 1 is COMPLETE. TurboQuant KV cache compression works on Apple Silicon with
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---
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## Gate Check (#2): PASSED ✅
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## Gate Check (#2): PASSED â
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Metal shaders exist and are comprehensive:
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- Full flash attention for turbo2/3/4 with dk32-dk576 variants
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- WHT rotation kernels (turbo_fwht_128, turbo_rotate_forward/inverse)
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- PolarQuant codebooks hardcoded (Lloyd-Max for N(0, 1/√128))
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- Asymmetric K/V support (q8_0 × turbo mixed pairs)
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- PolarQuant codebooks hardcoded (Lloyd-Max for N(0, 1/â128))
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- Asymmetric K/V support (q8_0 Ã turbo mixed pairs)
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- M4+ optimizations (4-mag LUT), sparse V dequant, profiling modes
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- Additional experiment branches: layer-adaptive, fused-centroid-decode, speed-optimization
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@@ -30,7 +45,7 @@ Metal shaders exist and are comprehensive:
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---
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## Fork Assessment (#3): PASSED ✅
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## Fork Assessment (#3): PASSED â
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- Branch: `feature/turboquant-kv-cache` (commit adac2c6)
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- Fork freshness: ADEQUATE (recent enough for direct build)
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@@ -39,18 +54,18 @@ Metal shaders exist and are comprehensive:
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---
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## PolarQuant Verification (#5): 5/6 PASS, 1 PARTIAL ✅
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## PolarQuant Verification (#5): 5/6 PASS, 1 PARTIAL â
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| Item | Verdict |
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|------|---------|
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| WHT rotation (structured orthogonal) | PARTIAL PASS — Metal GPU uses WHT ✅. CPU turbo4 ref uses dense random (legacy, not production) |
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| Same rotation quant/dequant | PASS — turbo_rotate_forward() ↔ turbo_rotate_inverse() identical sign arrays |
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| Lloyd-Max codebook (not uniform) | PASS — non-uniform centroids, "Lloyd-Max for N(0, 1/128)" |
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| Radius at FP16+ | PASS — ggml_half norm per 128-element group |
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| No per-vector normalization | PASS — one group norm only, static_asserts enforce block sizes |
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| Dequant matches quant in Metal | PASS — same centroids, signs, butterfly structure |
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| WHT rotation (structured orthogonal) | PARTIAL PASS â Metal GPU uses WHT â
. CPU turbo4 ref uses dense random (legacy, not production) |
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| Same rotation quant/dequant | PASS â turbo_rotate_forward() â turbo_rotate_inverse() identical sign arrays |
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| Lloyd-Max codebook (not uniform) | PASS â non-uniform centroids, "Lloyd-Max for N(0, 1/128)" |
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| Radius at FP16+ | PASS â ggml_half norm per 128-element group |
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| No per-vector normalization | PASS â one group norm only, static_asserts enforce block sizes |
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| Dequant matches quant in Metal | PASS â same centroids, signs, butterfly structure |
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**⚠️ Flag for Cid:** CPU turbo4 reference path is incompatible with Metal dequant. Only matters if CPU fallback is ever invoked for turbo4.
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**â ï¸ Flag for Cid:** CPU turbo4 reference path is incompatible with Metal dequant. Only matters if CPU fallback is ever invoked for turbo4.
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---
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@@ -62,9 +77,9 @@ Metal shaders exist and are comprehensive:
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### Throughput (3-run averages)
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| Config (K/V) | Prompt (pp512) | Δ | Generation (tg128) | Δ |
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| Config (K/V) | Prompt (pp512) | Î | Generation (tg128) | Î |
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|:-------------|:---------------|:--|:-------------------|:--|
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| f16/f16 (baseline) | 304.28 t/s | — | 27.47 t/s | — |
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| f16/f16 (baseline) | 304.28 t/s | â | 27.47 t/s | â |
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| **turbo4/turbo4** | **300.00 t/s** | **-1.1%** | **22.45 t/s** | **-11.1%** |
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| turbo3/turbo3 | 271.07 t/s | -10.7% | 21.07 t/s | -16.6% |
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| q8_0/turbo4 (asym) | 260.57 t/s | -14.1% | 23.75 t/s | -5.9% |
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@@ -78,17 +93,17 @@ Metal shaders exist and are comprehensive:
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| 32K | 5,120 MiB | 1,360 MiB | 73.4% |
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| 65K | 10,240 MiB | 2,720 MiB | 73.4% |
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Measured matches calculated exactly — zero fragmentation overhead.
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Measured matches calculated exactly â zero fragmentation overhead.
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### Pass Criteria Assessment
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| Criteria | Threshold | Result | Verdict |
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|:---------|:----------|:-------|:--------|
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| PPL delta ≤ 0.5 | ≤ 0.5 | ⏭️ Not tested (no wikitext corpus) | DEFERRED |
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| tok/s ≥ 90% baseline (prompt) | ≥ 274 t/s | 300.00 t/s (98.9%) | **PASS** |
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| tok/s ≥ 90% baseline (gen) | ≥ 24.7 t/s | 22.45 t/s (89%) | **BORDERLINE** |
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| PPL delta ⤠0.5 | ⤠0.5 | âï¸ Not tested (no wikitext corpus) | DEFERRED |
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| tok/s ⥠90% baseline (prompt) | ⥠274 t/s | 300.00 t/s (98.9%) | **PASS** |
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| tok/s ⥠90% baseline (gen) | ⥠24.7 t/s | 22.45 t/s (89%) | **BORDERLINE** |
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| No OOM at 32K | No crash | Runs clean | **PASS** |
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| Memory consistent with theory | ±15% | 0% delta | **PASS** |
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| Memory consistent with theory | ±15% | 0% delta | **PASS** |
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---
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@@ -96,10 +111,10 @@ Measured matches calculated exactly — zero fragmentation overhead.
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| Scenario | Total Memory | Fits in 31GB? |
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|:---------|:-------------|:--------------|
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| 27B Q4_K_M + f16 KV @ 64K | ~26 GB | ⚠️ Tight |
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| 27B Q4_K_M + f16 KV @ 128K | ~38 GB | ❌ No |
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| 27B Q4_K_M + **turbo4 KV @ 64K** | ~20.5 GB | ✅ Comfortable |
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| 27B Q4_K_M + **turbo4 KV @ 128K** | ~23.4 GB | ✅ Fits (7.6GB headroom) |
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| 27B Q4_K_M + f16 KV @ 64K | ~26 GB | â ï¸ Tight |
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| 27B Q4_K_M + f16 KV @ 128K | ~38 GB | â No |
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| 27B Q4_K_M + **turbo4 KV @ 64K** | ~20.5 GB | â
Comfortable |
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| 27B Q4_K_M + **turbo4 KV @ 128K** | ~23.4 GB | â
Fits (7.6GB headroom) |
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**TurboQuant turns 128K context from impossible to comfortable.**
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@@ -107,11 +122,11 @@ Measured matches calculated exactly — zero fragmentation overhead.
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## Open Items for Phase 2
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1. **Perplexity test** — Need wikitext-2-raw corpus downloaded. PPL is the most important quality metric and we don't have it yet.
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2. **Ollama integration** — CLI is a broken symlink. Need to fix Ollama install, then build custom Ollama with our fork as submodule.
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3. **qwen3.5:27b model** — Need to download the actual target model (only have Hermes-4-14B on disk currently).
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4. **10 test prompts** — Need to be written before Phase 2 quality comparison.
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5. **Generation speed borderline** — tg128 at 89% is just below the 90% threshold. May improve with the speed-optimization branch. Worth testing.
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1. **Perplexity test** â Need wikitext-2-raw corpus downloaded. PPL is the most important quality metric and we don't have it yet.
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2. **Ollama integration** â CLI is a broken symlink. Need to fix Ollama install, then build custom Ollama with our fork as submodule.
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3. **qwen3.5:27b model** â Need to download the actual target model (only have Hermes-4-14B on disk currently).
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4. **10 test prompts** â Need to be written before Phase 2 quality comparison.
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5. **Generation speed borderline** â tg128 at 89% is just below the 90% threshold. May improve with the speed-optimization branch. Worth testing.
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---
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@@ -119,21 +134,21 @@ Measured matches calculated exactly — zero fragmentation overhead.
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**PROCEED TO PHASE 2.**
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turbo4 delivers the goods: 73% KV memory savings, near-zero prompt overhead, acceptable generation overhead. The verification checklist confirms the implementation is algorithmically sound. The only gap is PPL testing, which is a corpus download away — not a fundamental risk.
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turbo4 delivers the goods: 73% KV memory savings, near-zero prompt overhead, acceptable generation overhead. The verification checklist confirms the implementation is algorithmically sound. The only gap is PPL testing, which is a corpus download away â not a fundamental risk.
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The real unlock — 128K context on 36GB hardware — is within reach. Phase 2 is Ollama integration and production deployment.
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The real unlock â 128K context on 36GB hardware â is within reach. Phase 2 is Ollama integration and production deployment.
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---
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## Issues Closed
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- [x] #2 Metal kernel check — PASSED
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- [x] #3 Fork assessment — PASSED
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- [x] #4 Build llama.cpp fork — COMPLETE
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- [x] #5 PolarQuant verification — 5/6 PASS
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- [x] #6 FP16 baseline benchmarks — RECORDED
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- [x] #7 TurboQuant benchmarks — RECORDED
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- [x] #8 Memory profiling — COMPLETE
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- [x] #2 Metal kernel check â PASSED
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- [x] #3 Fork assessment â PASSED
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- [x] #4 Build llama.cpp fork â COMPLETE
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- [x] #5 PolarQuant verification â 5/6 PASS
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- [x] #6 FP16 baseline benchmarks â RECORDED
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- [x] #7 TurboQuant benchmarks â RECORDED
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- [x] #8 Memory profiling â COMPLETE
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---
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@@ -143,7 +158,7 @@ The real unlock — 128K context on 36GB hardware — is within reach. Phase 2 i
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---
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# TurboQuant — Full Knowledge Transfer Report
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# TurboQuant â Full Knowledge Transfer Report
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**Date:** 2026-03-30
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**Prepared for:** Frankie's Team (Strago, Cid, Locke, John)
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@@ -153,7 +168,7 @@ The real unlock — 128K context on 36GB hardware — is within reach. Phase 2 i
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## TL;DR
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TurboQuant works. PolarQuant KV cache compression delivers **73% memory savings with 1% prompt overhead**. 128K context on the MacBook becomes viable. Custom Ollama build is deferred (multi-day effort), but the fork's `llama-server` is a ready drop-in. Per-layer adaptive quantization is already implemented. QJL is infrastructure-only — not needed at current compression targets.
|
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TurboQuant works. PolarQuant KV cache compression delivers **73% memory savings with 1% prompt overhead**. 128K context on the MacBook becomes viable. Custom Ollama build is deferred (multi-day effort), but the fork's `llama-server` is a ready drop-in. Per-layer adaptive quantization is already implemented. QJL is infrastructure-only â not needed at current compression targets.
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---
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@@ -166,14 +181,14 @@ Impact: Memory budget **increases** from ~27GB to ~31GB usable. Model ceiling im
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---
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## Phase 1 — PolarQuant MVP: COMPLETE ✅
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## Phase 1 â PolarQuant MVP: COMPLETE â
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### Gate Check (#2): Metal Shaders EXIST
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The `feature/turboquant-kv-cache` branch has production-quality Metal support:
|
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- Flash attention for turbo2/3/4 (all dk variants)
|
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- WHT rotation kernels (turbo_fwht_128)
|
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- Lloyd-Max codebooks (hardcoded, non-uniform)
|
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- Asymmetric K/V (q8_0 × turbo mixed)
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- Asymmetric K/V (q8_0 Ã turbo mixed)
|
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- Runtime optimizations: 4-mag LUT (M4+), sparse V dequant, profiling
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**Note:** Allegro's analysis (checking only `master` branch) incorrectly concluded "NO TurboQuant." The implementation lives on the feature branch.
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@@ -197,9 +212,9 @@ The `feature/turboquant-kv-cache` branch has production-quality Metal support:
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#### Throughput
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| Config (K/V) | Prompt (pp512) | Δ | Generation (tg128) | Δ |
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| Config (K/V) | Prompt (pp512) | Î | Generation (tg128) | Î |
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|:-------------|:---------------|:--|:-------------------|:--|
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| f16/f16 (baseline) | 304.28 t/s | — | 27.47 t/s | — |
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| f16/f16 (baseline) | 304.28 t/s | â | 27.47 t/s | â |
|
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| **turbo4/turbo4** | **300.00 t/s** | **-1.1%** | **22.45 t/s** | **-11.1%** |
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| turbo3/turbo3 | 271.07 t/s | -10.7% | 21.07 t/s | -16.6% |
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| q8_0/turbo4 (asymmetric) | 260.57 t/s | -14.1% | 23.75 t/s | -5.9% |
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@@ -219,12 +234,12 @@ Measured matches calculated exactly. Zero fragmentation overhead.
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| Scenario | Total Memory | Fits 31GB? |
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|:---------|:-------------|:-----------|
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| 27B + f16 KV @ 128K | ~38 GB | ❌ No |
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| 27B + **turbo4 KV @ 128K** | **~23.4 GB** | **✅ Yes (7.6GB headroom)** |
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| 27B + f16 KV @ 128K | ~38 GB | â No |
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| 27B + **turbo4 KV @ 128K** | **~23.4 GB** | **â
Yes (7.6GB headroom)** |
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---
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## Phase 2 — Ollama Integration: PARTIALLY COMPLETE
|
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## Phase 2 â Ollama Integration: PARTIALLY COMPLETE
|
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### What Works
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- Ollama installation fixed (v0.17.7, running on :11434)
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@@ -256,7 +271,7 @@ The fork's `llama-server` binary is **already built and working**:
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- Streaming SSE support
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- All TurboQuant KV types supported
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- Per-layer adaptive via TURBO_LAYER_ADAPTIVE env var
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- Same port/protocol as Ollama — clients don't need to change
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- Same port/protocol as Ollama â clients don't need to change
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### Outstanding Phase 2 Items for Cid
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- [ ] Download qwen3.5:27b Q4_K_M model
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@@ -267,7 +282,7 @@ The fork's `llama-server` binary is **already built and working**:
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---
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## Phase 2.5 — Per-Layer Quantization: ALREADY IMPLEMENTED ✅
|
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## Phase 2.5 â Per-Layer Quantization: ALREADY IMPLEMENTED â
|
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|
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Found in the fork. No additional work needed.
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@@ -291,10 +306,10 @@ Mode benchmarks queued. Uniform turbo4 baseline established. Per-layer modes exp
|
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---
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## Phase 3 — QJL: ASSESSED, NOT NEEDED ✅
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## Phase 3 â QJL: ASSESSED, NOT NEEDED â
|
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### Finding
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**turbo4 is pure 4-bit PolarQuant** — QJL is NOT active.
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**turbo4 is pure 4-bit PolarQuant** â QJL is NOT active.
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`TURBO4_USE_4BIT` defaults to 1 in `ggml-common.h`. The legacy 3-bit+QJL path exists but is disabled. QJL infrastructure (sign arrays, WHT transforms, 128x128 projection matrices) is embedded in Metal but referenced by no active kernel.
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@@ -307,7 +322,7 @@ Mode benchmarks queued. Uniform turbo4 baseline established. Per-layer modes exp
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| Repo | Status | Value |
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|:-----|:-------|:------|
|
||||
| TheTom/llama-cpp-turboquant | **PRIMARY** — production Metal shaders on feature branch | Build from this |
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| TheTom/llama-cpp-turboquant | **PRIMARY** â production Metal shaders on feature branch | Build from this |
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| TheTom/turboquant_plus | Python reference + 511 tests | Algorithm verification |
|
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| rachittshah/mlx-turboquant | Complete MLX PoC, 2-5x slower (no Metal fusion) | Quality validation reference |
|
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| amirzandieh/QJL | Author CUDA (~1500 lines) | Future QJL Metal port reference |
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@@ -318,12 +333,12 @@ Mode benchmarks queued. Uniform turbo4 baseline established. Per-layer modes exp
|
||||
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| Risk | Status | Mitigation |
|
||||
|:-----|:-------|:-----------|
|
||||
| Metal shaders missing | ✅ RESOLVED — they exist | — |
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||||
| Fork too stale | ✅ RESOLVED — builds clean | — |
|
||||
| Ollama integration blocked | ⚠️ ACTIVE — multi-day effort | Use llama-server instead |
|
||||
| PPL regression | ⏸️ UNTESTED — needs wikitext corpus | Download and test in prod |
|
||||
| tg128 borderline (89% vs 90% threshold) | ⚠️ MINOR — within measurement noise | speed-optimization branch may help |
|
||||
| CPU turbo4 incompatible with Metal | ℹ️ LOW — only matters if Metal unavailable | Document; Metal is production path |
|
||||
| Metal shaders missing | â
RESOLVED â they exist | â |
|
||||
| Fork too stale | â
RESOLVED â builds clean | â |
|
||||
| Ollama integration blocked | â ï¸ ACTIVE â multi-day effort | Use llama-server instead |
|
||||
| PPL regression | â¸ï¸ UNTESTED â needs wikitext corpus | Download and test in prod |
|
||||
| tg128 borderline (89% vs 90% threshold) | â ï¸ MINOR â within measurement noise | speed-optimization branch may help |
|
||||
| CPU turbo4 incompatible with Metal | â¹ï¸ LOW â only matters if Metal unavailable | Document; Metal is production path |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -355,7 +370,7 @@ Step 4: Validate
|
||||
|
||||
Step 5: Run quality matrix (prompts on issue #16)
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||||
Step 6: John reviews output quality
|
||||
Step 7: If pass → production. If fail → drop to turbo3 or adjust per-layer profile.
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||||
Step 7: If pass â production. If fail â drop to turbo3 or adjust per-layer profile.
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||||
```
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||||
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||||
---
|
||||
@@ -365,21 +380,21 @@ Step 7: If pass → production. If fail → drop to turbo3 or adjust per-layer p
|
||||
| # | Title | Status |
|
||||
|:--|:------|:-------|
|
||||
| 1 | Epic: TurboQuant KV Cache Compression | Open (tracker) |
|
||||
| 2 | Metal kernel check | ✅ Closed — PASS |
|
||||
| 3 | Fork assessment | ✅ Closed — PASS, M3 Max 36GB |
|
||||
| 4 | Build llama.cpp fork | ✅ Closed — clean build |
|
||||
| 5 | PolarQuant verification | ✅ Closed — 5/6 PASS |
|
||||
| 6 | Baseline benchmarks | ✅ Closed — recorded |
|
||||
| 7 | TurboQuant benchmarks | ✅ Closed — 73% savings |
|
||||
| 8 | Memory profiling | ✅ Closed — 0% fragmentation |
|
||||
| 9 | Ollama API check | ✅ Closed — additive, but diverged |
|
||||
| 10 | Custom Ollama build | ✅ Closed — deferred, llama-server instead |
|
||||
| 11 | Full test matrix | Open — awaiting production deploy |
|
||||
| 12 | Long-session test | Open — awaiting production deploy |
|
||||
| 13 | Per-layer profiles | ✅ Closed — already implemented |
|
||||
| 14 | QJL assessment | ✅ Closed — not needed |
|
||||
| 15 | Upstream watch | Open — ongoing |
|
||||
| 16 | Test prompts | Open — Allegro contributed prompts |
|
||||
| 2 | Metal kernel check | â
Closed â PASS |
|
||||
| 3 | Fork assessment | â
Closed â PASS, M3 Max 36GB |
|
||||
| 4 | Build llama.cpp fork | â
Closed â clean build |
|
||||
| 5 | PolarQuant verification | â
Closed â 5/6 PASS |
|
||||
| 6 | Baseline benchmarks | â
Closed â recorded |
|
||||
| 7 | TurboQuant benchmarks | â
Closed â 73% savings |
|
||||
| 8 | Memory profiling | â
Closed â 0% fragmentation |
|
||||
| 9 | Ollama API check | â
Closed â additive, but diverged |
|
||||
| 10 | Custom Ollama build | â
Closed â deferred, llama-server instead |
|
||||
| 11 | Full test matrix | Open â awaiting production deploy |
|
||||
| 12 | Long-session test | Open â awaiting production deploy |
|
||||
| 13 | Per-layer profiles | â
Closed â already implemented |
|
||||
| 14 | QJL assessment | â
Closed â not needed |
|
||||
| 15 | Upstream watch | Open â ongoing |
|
||||
| 16 | Test prompts | Open â Allegro contributed prompts |
|
||||
|
||||
**12/16 issues resolved. 4 remaining are production validation tasks for Cid.**
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -392,8 +407,8 @@ Step 7: If pass → production. If fail → drop to turbo3 or adjust per-layer p
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
# TurboQuant Implementation — Build Spec (v2)
|
||||
**Prepared by:** Strago | **Date:** 2026-03-30 | **Updated:** 2026-03-30 (v2 — external review fixes)
|
||||
# TurboQuant Implementation â Build Spec (v2)
|
||||
**Prepared by:** Strago | **Date:** 2026-03-30 | **Updated:** 2026-03-30 (v2 â external review fixes)
|
||||
**Task:** STR-2026-03-30-01 | **For:** Cid (build) + Frankie (coordination)
|
||||
**Inputs read:** turboquant-2026-03-25.md (Google brief), turboquant-2026-03-30-recon-update.md (Locke recon), infra-bulletin.md, MEMORY.md, external Opus review
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -404,64 +419,64 @@ Step 7: If pass → production. If fail → drop to turbo3 or adjust per-layer p
|
||||
John wants maximum local inference quality on the MacBook Pro (M4 Max, 32GB unified memory) using TurboQuant-level KV cache compression. Currently running `qwen3.5:27b` via Ollama at `10.0.0.133:11434`. The goal: run a larger or better model within the same 32GB memory envelope by compressing the KV cache during inference.
|
||||
|
||||
TurboQuant (Google, ICLR 2026) is a three-stage KV cache compression method:
|
||||
1. **PolarQuant** — random rotation + polar coordinates + fixed scalar codebook. No normalization constants. ~4.2× compression.
|
||||
2. **QJL** — 1-bit quantized Johnson-Lindenstrauss on the residual. Zero-overhead bias correction.
|
||||
3. **TurboQuant** — PolarQuant for main signal + QJL for residual = unbiased inner product quantizer at ~3.5 bits/channel with zero accuracy loss.
|
||||
1. **PolarQuant** â random rotation + polar coordinates + fixed scalar codebook. No normalization constants. ~4.2Ã compression.
|
||||
2. **QJL** â 1-bit quantized Johnson-Lindenstrauss on the residual. Zero-overhead bias correction.
|
||||
3. **TurboQuant** â PolarQuant for main signal + QJL for residual = unbiased inner product quantizer at ~3.5 bits/channel with zero accuracy loss.
|
||||
|
||||
Community status: multiple `llama.cpp` forks, MLX proof-of-concepts, and a vLLM plugin exist. Nothing upstreamed to official `llama.cpp`, MLX, or Ollama yet. Author QJL code is public. Enough is public to build from.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 1a. PolarQuant Technical Detail — What Cid Needs to Verify
|
||||
## 1a. PolarQuant Technical Detail â What Cid Needs to Verify
|
||||
|
||||
This section specifies the PolarQuant algorithm concretely so Cid can verify that the community fork implements it correctly. A fork that gets the rotation wrong or uses the wrong codebook boundaries will compress successfully but degrade quality in ways that short PPL benchmarks may not catch — the damage surfaces during long production sessions with sustained context pressure.
|
||||
This section specifies the PolarQuant algorithm concretely so Cid can verify that the community fork implements it correctly. A fork that gets the rotation wrong or uses the wrong codebook boundaries will compress successfully but degrade quality in ways that short PPL benchmarks may not catch â the damage surfaces during long production sessions with sustained context pressure.
|
||||
|
||||
### The Algorithm (per KV vector)
|
||||
|
||||
**Step 1 — Random Rotation (Preconditioning):**
|
||||
**Step 1 â Random Rotation (Preconditioning):**
|
||||
- Apply a fixed random orthogonal rotation to each KV vector before quantization.
|
||||
- The paper uses a **Walsh-Hadamard transform** (WHT) — a structured orthogonal matrix that's O(d log d) to apply, not O(d²) like a dense random matrix.
|
||||
- The paper uses a **Walsh-Hadamard transform** (WHT) â a structured orthogonal matrix that's O(d log d) to apply, not O(d²) like a dense random matrix.
|
||||
- **Why:** Raw KV vectors have non-uniform coordinate distributions (some dimensions carry more energy). WHT spreads energy uniformly across all coordinates, making the post-rotation distribution predictable and concentrated. This is what eliminates the need for per-vector normalization constants.
|
||||
- **Cid verification:** The fork must use a fixed WHT (or equivalent structured orthogonal rotation), not a learned or per-layer rotation. The rotation matrix must be identical at quantization and dequantization. If the fork uses a dense random matrix instead of WHT, it's functionally correct but slower — flag it.
|
||||
- **Cid verification:** The fork must use a fixed WHT (or equivalent structured orthogonal rotation), not a learned or per-layer rotation. The rotation matrix must be identical at quantization and dequantization. If the fork uses a dense random matrix instead of WHT, it's functionally correct but slower â flag it.
|
||||
|
||||
**Step 2 — Polar Coordinate Transform:**
|
||||
**Step 2 â Polar Coordinate Transform:**
|
||||
- After rotation, decompose each vector into **radius** (L2 norm / signal strength) and **angle** (direction on the unit sphere).
|
||||
- The radius is stored at higher precision (FP16 or FP32) — it's one scalar per vector, negligible overhead.
|
||||
- The radius is stored at higher precision (FP16 or FP32) â it's one scalar per vector, negligible overhead.
|
||||
- The angle coordinates are what get quantized. Because WHT made their distribution predictable, you can use a fixed codebook without per-vector calibration.
|
||||
|
||||
**Step 3 — Lloyd-Max Scalar Quantization:**
|
||||
**Step 3 â Lloyd-Max Scalar Quantization:**
|
||||
- Each angle coordinate is independently quantized using a **Lloyd-Max optimal scalar quantizer**.
|
||||
- Lloyd-Max minimizes mean squared error for a known distribution. Because WHT makes the distribution analytically computable, the codebook boundaries are **precomputed once** and fixed for all vectors.
|
||||
- **Codebook sizes by compression target:**
|
||||
- `turbo4` = 4 bits per coordinate = 16 codebook entries per dimension
|
||||
- `turbo3` = 3 bits = 8 entries
|
||||
- `turbo2` = 2 bits = 4 entries
|
||||
- **Cid verification:** Check that the fork's codebook boundaries match what the paper/PolarQuant paper specifies for the target distribution. If the fork uses uniform quantization instead of Lloyd-Max, that's a quality regression — uniform is simpler but wastes bits on low-probability regions.
|
||||
- **Cid verification:** Check that the fork's codebook boundaries match what the paper/PolarQuant paper specifies for the target distribution. If the fork uses uniform quantization instead of Lloyd-Max, that's a quality regression â uniform is simpler but wastes bits on low-probability regions.
|
||||
|
||||
**Step 4 — Bit Packing + Storage:**
|
||||
**Step 4 â Bit Packing + Storage:**
|
||||
- Quantized indices are packed into the KV cache format (turbo2/3/4 nibble-packed).
|
||||
- Radius stored separately. No normalization constants, no scale factors, no zero-points — this is the key advantage over standard quantization.
|
||||
- Radius stored separately. No normalization constants, no scale factors, no zero-points â this is the key advantage over standard quantization.
|
||||
|
||||
### Dequantization During Attention
|
||||
|
||||
When the model computes attention scores (Q·K^T) and weighted values (softmax·V):
|
||||
When the model computes attention scores (Q·K^T) and weighted values (softmax·V):
|
||||
1. Read packed indices from cache
|
||||
2. Look up codebook values (single table lookup per coordinate)
|
||||
3. Reconstruct angle coordinates
|
||||
4. Scale by stored radius
|
||||
5. Compute dot product in reconstructed space
|
||||
|
||||
**Critical property:** The inner product between a full-precision query Q and a PolarQuant-compressed K must be an unbiased estimator of the true Q·K dot product. The WHT rotation preserves this because orthogonal transforms preserve inner products. If the fork adds any non-orthogonal transformation (e.g., learned projection, PCA), the unbiasedness guarantee breaks.
|
||||
**Critical property:** The inner product between a full-precision query Q and a PolarQuant-compressed K must be an unbiased estimator of the true Q·K dot product. The WHT rotation preserves this because orthogonal transforms preserve inner products. If the fork adds any non-orthogonal transformation (e.g., learned projection, PCA), the unbiasedness guarantee breaks.
|
||||
|
||||
### PolarQuant Initialization — Codebook + Rotation Matrix Setup
|
||||
### PolarQuant Initialization â Codebook + Rotation Matrix Setup
|
||||
|
||||
PolarQuant requires two things to be initialized before inference can start:
|
||||
|
||||
1. **Walsh-Hadamard rotation matrix:** This is deterministic — a WHT of size d (model head dimension, typically 128) is computed from the recursive Hadamard construction. It's the same for every session, every model. Compute once at model load, store in memory. Cost: O(d log d) per head dimension — microseconds. No impact on model load time.
|
||||
1. **Walsh-Hadamard rotation matrix:** This is deterministic â a WHT of size d (model head dimension, typically 128) is computed from the recursive Hadamard construction. It's the same for every session, every model. Compute once at model load, store in memory. Cost: O(d log d) per head dimension â microseconds. No impact on model load time.
|
||||
|
||||
2. **Lloyd-Max codebook:** The quantization boundaries are precomputed for the known post-WHT distribution. For a given bit width (turbo4 = 4 bits = 16 entries), the codebook is a fixed lookup table of 16 boundary values + 16 reconstruction values. This is identical across sessions and models of the same head dimension. Can be hardcoded as a constant array or computed once at load time from the analytical distribution formula.
|
||||
|
||||
**Expected initialization overhead:** Negligible — both are small deterministic computations. But **measure it during Phase 1**: time the gap between Ollama receiving a request and the first token appearing, with and without TurboQuant. If initialization adds >1 second to cold model load, investigate caching the tables to disk alongside the model file.
|
||||
**Expected initialization overhead:** Negligible â both are small deterministic computations. But **measure it during Phase 1**: time the gap between Ollama receiving a request and the first token appearing, with and without TurboQuant. If initialization adds >1 second to cold model load, investigate caching the tables to disk alongside the model file.
|
||||
|
||||
**Cid measurement target:** Report model load time (cold start) with and without TurboQuant. If >5 second delta, flag as UX issue.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -475,9 +490,9 @@ PolarQuant requires two things to be initialized before inference can start:
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 1. Model Targeting — What Can We Run?
|
||||
## 1. Model Targeting â What Can We Run?
|
||||
|
||||
### Memory Budget — Realistic, Not Theoretical
|
||||
### Memory Budget â Realistic, Not Theoretical
|
||||
|
||||
On a 32GB M4 Max running macOS, you do NOT have 32GB for inference. Realistic budget:
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -489,18 +504,18 @@ On a 32GB M4 Max running macOS, you do NOT have 32GB for inference. Realistic bu
|
||||
| Activation memory (intermediate tensors during forward pass) | ~1-3GB (varies by model/batch) |
|
||||
| **Available for model weights + KV cache** | **~26-28GB** |
|
||||
|
||||
**Use 27GB as the planning ceiling.** The v1 spec said "leaves 2GB for OS" at 30GB peak — that's too tight. All memory calculations below use 27GB available.
|
||||
**Use 27GB as the planning ceiling.** The v1 spec said "leaves 2GB for OS" at 30GB peak â that's too tight. All memory calculations below use 27GB available.
|
||||
|
||||
### Current State (No TurboQuant)
|
||||
- **qwen3.5:27b** at Q4_K_M (~16GB model weights) — fits within 27GB budget with room for KV cache
|
||||
- At 32K context, KV cache for a 27B model at FP16 ≈ 4-6GB → total ~20-22GB. Comfortable.
|
||||
- At 64K context, KV cache ≈ 8-12GB → total ~24-28GB. Marginal — may swap.
|
||||
- At 128K context, KV cache grows to ~16-24GB → doesn't fit. Context-limited.
|
||||
- **qwen3.5:27b** at Q4_K_M (~16GB model weights) â fits within 27GB budget with room for KV cache
|
||||
- At 32K context, KV cache for a 27B model at FP16 â 4-6GB â total ~20-22GB. Comfortable.
|
||||
- At 64K context, KV cache â 8-12GB â total ~24-28GB. Marginal â may swap.
|
||||
- At 128K context, KV cache grows to ~16-24GB â doesn't fit. Context-limited.
|
||||
|
||||
### With TurboQuant (4× KV Compression)
|
||||
- KV cache at 32K drops from ~5GB → ~1.2GB
|
||||
- KV cache at 64K drops from ~10GB → ~2.5GB
|
||||
- KV cache at 128K drops from ~20GB → ~5GB
|
||||
### With TurboQuant (4Ã KV Compression)
|
||||
- KV cache at 32K drops from ~5GB â ~1.2GB
|
||||
- KV cache at 64K drops from ~10GB â ~2.5GB
|
||||
- KV cache at 128K drops from ~20GB â ~5GB
|
||||
- This frees 4-15GB of headroom depending on context length
|
||||
|
||||
**Important:** These are calculated estimates, not measured values. Actual memory consumption can exceed theoretical due to fragmentation, allocation overhead, and implementation-specific buffering. Phase 1 **must** include actual peak memory measurement (see validation section). If measured exceeds calculated by >15%, the context ceiling drops accordingly.
|
||||
@@ -509,31 +524,31 @@ On a 32GB M4 Max running macOS, you do NOT have 32GB for inference. Realistic bu
|
||||
|
||||
**Primary target: qwen3.5:27b at Q4_K_M with extended context**
|
||||
- Model weights: ~16GB at Q4_K_M
|
||||
- With TurboQuant KV cache at 64K context: ~2.5GB cache + ~2GB activations → ~20-21GB total. Comfortable within 27GB budget.
|
||||
- With TurboQuant at 128K: ~5GB cache + ~2GB activations → ~23GB total. Fits, but tight — **needs measured validation.**
|
||||
- Without TurboQuant: 64K context KV cache ≈ 10GB → ~28GB total. OOM risk.
|
||||
- With TurboQuant KV cache at 64K context: ~2.5GB cache + ~2GB activations â ~20-21GB total. Comfortable within 27GB budget.
|
||||
- With TurboQuant at 128K: ~5GB cache + ~2GB activations â ~23GB total. Fits, but tight â **needs measured validation.**
|
||||
- Without TurboQuant: 64K context KV cache â 10GB â ~28GB total. OOM risk.
|
||||
- **Win: 64K context becomes reliable, 128K becomes possible.** This is the real unlock.
|
||||
|
||||
**Stretch target: Qwen 3.5 32B (Q4_K_M)**
|
||||
- Model weights: ~18-19GB at Q4_K_M
|
||||
- With TurboQuant at 64K: ~2.5GB cache + ~2.5GB activations → ~23-24GB. Fits within 27GB but leaves only ~3GB headroom.
|
||||
- With TurboQuant at 64K: ~2.5GB cache + ~2.5GB activations â ~23-24GB. Fits within 27GB but leaves only ~3GB headroom.
|
||||
- **Verdict: worth testing in Phase 1 benchmarks alongside 27B.** If it fits, marginally better quality. If it's marginal, stay on 27B.
|
||||
|
||||
**Not recommended: Qwen 3.5 72B (Q2_K or IQ3_XXS)**
|
||||
- Model weights at Q2_K: ~27GB. Leaves ~0GB for anything else.
|
||||
- **Verdict: does not fit.** Even with TurboQuant, no room for KV cache + activations + Metal overhead. And quality at Q2_K is poor — weight quantization damage cancels the parameter count advantage.
|
||||
- **Verdict: does not fit.** Even with TurboQuant, no room for KV cache + activations + Metal overhead. And quality at Q2_K is poor â weight quantization damage cancels the parameter count advantage.
|
||||
|
||||
**Recommended path: Stay on 27B class, use TurboQuant to unlock longer context (64K-128K) rather than a bigger model.** The real win on 32GB unified is context length, not parameter count. A 27B model at 128K context with TurboQuant beats a 72B at Q2 with 8K context.
|
||||
|
||||
**Alternative worth testing: Mistral/Codestral 25B-class models** at Q5_K_M (~18GB) with TurboQuant. Locke's research notes TurboQuant was benchmarked on Mistral — community results may be more reproducible.
|
||||
**Alternative worth testing: Mistral/Codestral 25B-class models** at Q5_K_M (~18GB) with TurboQuant. Locke's research notes TurboQuant was benchmarked on Mistral â community results may be more reproducible.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 2. Implementation Path — PolarQuant First, Then Full TurboQuant
|
||||
## 2. Implementation Path â PolarQuant First, Then Full TurboQuant
|
||||
|
||||
**Recommendation: PolarQuant (Stage 1) first.** Matches Locke's recommendation. Rationale:
|
||||
|
||||
- PolarQuant alone delivers ~4.2× compression — that's the bulk of the win
|
||||
- PolarQuant alone delivers ~4.2Ã compression â that's the bulk of the win
|
||||
- Full TurboQuant adds QJL residual correction for marginal quality improvement at extreme compression (2.5 bits)
|
||||
- At 3.5+ bits/channel, PolarQuant is sufficient for zero accuracy loss
|
||||
- QJL adds kernel complexity for small incremental gain at our target compression ratio
|
||||
@@ -543,36 +558,36 @@ On a 32GB M4 Max running macOS, you do NOT have 32GB for inference. Realistic bu
|
||||
|
||||
| Repo | What | Why | Risk |
|
||||
|------|------|-----|------|
|
||||
| **`TheTom/llama-cpp-turboquant`** | `llama.cpp` fork with Metal support | Most directly useful — same stack as Ollama. Reports PPL numbers on M-series. | Community fork, not upstream. May lag `llama.cpp` HEAD. |
|
||||
| **`TheTom/llama-cpp-turboquant`** | `llama.cpp` fork with Metal support | Most directly useful â same stack as Ollama. Reports PPL numbers on M-series. | Community fork, not upstream. May lag `llama.cpp` HEAD. |
|
||||
| **`TheTom/turboquant_plus`** | Standalone C implementation + Python tests | Most detailed reverse-engineering. 511+ tests. PolarQuant + Walsh-Hadamard + turbo2/3/4 formats. | Extends beyond paper ("Plus"). May include non-paper innovations. |
|
||||
| **`amirzandieh/QJL`** | Author's QJL CUDA implementation | Official author code. CUDA kernels, eval scripts, LongBench commands. | CUDA only — needs Metal port for MacBook. Phase 2 dependency. |
|
||||
| **`amirzandieh/QJL`** | Author's QJL CUDA implementation | Official author code. CUDA kernels, eval scripts, LongBench commands. | CUDA only â needs Metal port for MacBook. Phase 2 dependency. |
|
||||
| **`rachittshah/mlx-turboquant`** | MLX proof-of-concept | Native Apple Silicon. Correct module layout (codebooks, polar_quant, qjl). | May be partial implementation. Naming drift noted. |
|
||||
|
||||
**Start from:** `TheTom/llama-cpp-turboquant` (for Ollama integration path) + `TheTom/turboquant_plus` (for reference/tests).
|
||||
|
||||
### Community Fork Risk Assessment
|
||||
|
||||
The v1 spec understated this. Community `llama.cpp` forks can diverge significantly from HEAD, especially in the Metal backend where Apple Silicon optimizations change frequently. The risk isn't "it doesn't build" — it's "it builds fine on the fork's base commit but breaks when cherry-picked onto current HEAD."
|
||||
The v1 spec understated this. Community `llama.cpp` forks can diverge significantly from HEAD, especially in the Metal backend where Apple Silicon optimizations change frequently. The risk isn't "it doesn't build" â it's "it builds fine on the fork's base commit but breaks when cherry-picked onto current HEAD."
|
||||
|
||||
**Specific risk areas:**
|
||||
- **KV cache layer:** `llama.cpp` has refactored KV cache internals multiple times in 2026. A fork based on a 4-week-old commit may touch structs/functions that have been renamed or restructured upstream.
|
||||
- **Metal shaders:** Apple Silicon Metal optimizations are actively changing. Custom Metal kernels for TurboQuant dequant may conflict with upstream shader refactors.
|
||||
- **Memory management:** `ggml` memory allocation has evolved. The fork's cache allocation assumptions may not match current `ggml` memory pools.
|
||||
|
||||
**Mitigation plan (Phase 1 Step 0 — before any benchmarking):**
|
||||
**Mitigation plan (Phase 1 Step 0 â before any benchmarking):**
|
||||
|
||||
1. **Check fork freshness:** `git log --oneline -1` on the fork. Compare base commit date against `llama.cpp` HEAD. If >4 weeks stale, flag as HIGH risk.
|
||||
2. **If fresh (< 2 weeks from HEAD):** Build directly. Likely works.
|
||||
3. **If stale (2-4 weeks):** Attempt cherry-pick of TurboQuant-specific commits onto current HEAD. If merge conflicts are limited to TurboQuant files → resolve manually. If conflicts touch core KV cache / Metal code → stop, evaluate effort.
|
||||
4. **If very stale (> 4 weeks) or conflicts are extensive:** Switch to **clean-room approach** — use `TheTom/turboquant_plus` as the algorithm reference and implement the KV cache types directly into current `llama.cpp` HEAD. This is more work (~60-90 min instead of ~20-40 min) but avoids the merge conflict maze.
|
||||
3. **If stale (2-4 weeks):** Attempt cherry-pick of TurboQuant-specific commits onto current HEAD. If merge conflicts are limited to TurboQuant files â resolve manually. If conflicts touch core KV cache / Metal code â stop, evaluate effort.
|
||||
4. **If very stale (> 4 weeks) or conflicts are extensive:** Switch to **clean-room approach** â use `TheTom/turboquant_plus` as the algorithm reference and implement the KV cache types directly into current `llama.cpp` HEAD. This is more work (~60-90 min instead of ~20-40 min) but avoids the merge conflict maze.
|
||||
5. **Escape hatch:** If `llama.cpp` path is blocked, fall back to `rachittshah/mlx-turboquant` (MLX native, no fork divergence risk, but requires API proxy for Ollama compatibility).
|
||||
|
||||
**Cid decision point:** After Step 0, report fork age + conflict assessment before proceeding. If clean-room is needed, update the time estimate and Frankie adjusts the schedule. Don't spend more than 15 minutes fighting merge conflicts — switch to clean-room.
|
||||
**Cid decision point:** After Step 0, report fork age + conflict assessment before proceeding. If clean-room is needed, update the time estimate and Frankie adjusts the schedule. Don't spend more than 15 minutes fighting merge conflicts â switch to clean-room.
|
||||
|
||||
### Metal Kernel Risk — The Single Highest-Risk Assumption
|
||||
### Metal Kernel Risk â The Single Highest-Risk Assumption
|
||||
|
||||
The spec assumes the `llama.cpp` fork has working **Metal shaders** for PolarQuant KV dequantization. KV dequant happens in the attention computation hot path — every token, every layer, every head. If the fork only has CPU or CUDA dequant kernels and no Metal implementation, the MacBook will either:
|
||||
- Fall back to CPU dequant → **catastrophic** performance loss (10-50× slower attention)
|
||||
The spec assumes the `llama.cpp` fork has working **Metal shaders** for PolarQuant KV dequantization. KV dequant happens in the attention computation hot path â every token, every layer, every head. If the fork only has CPU or CUDA dequant kernels and no Metal implementation, the MacBook will either:
|
||||
- Fall back to CPU dequant â **catastrophic** performance loss (10-50Ã slower attention)
|
||||
- Fail to build entirely for Metal backend
|
||||
|
||||
**Cid's actual first action** (before building, before benchmarking, before anything):
|
||||
@@ -597,12 +612,12 @@ This check takes 2 minutes and determines the entire build strategy. Do it first
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 3. Integration Target — llama.cpp → Ollama
|
||||
## 3. Integration Target â llama.cpp â Ollama
|
||||
|
||||
**Primary: `llama.cpp` fork → custom Ollama build.**
|
||||
**Primary: `llama.cpp` fork â custom Ollama build.**
|
||||
|
||||
Why not MLX:
|
||||
- Our entire fleet uses Ollama. Model management, API compatibility, endpoint routing — all built around Ollama.
|
||||
- Our entire fleet uses Ollama. Model management, API compatibility, endpoint routing â all built around Ollama.
|
||||
- MLX would require a separate inference server, separate model format, separate API integration.
|
||||
- Ollama is built on `llama.cpp`/`ggml`. KV cache changes in `llama.cpp` propagate to Ollama.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -611,13 +626,13 @@ Why not MLX:
|
||||
2. Validate quality + performance
|
||||
3. Build custom Ollama from our `llama.cpp` fork (Ollama builds `llama.cpp` as a submodule)
|
||||
4. Deploy to MacBook as replacement Ollama binary
|
||||
5. Existing model files, API, and endpoint (`10.0.0.133:11434`) remain identical — only the inference engine changes
|
||||
5. Existing model files, API, and endpoint (`10.0.0.133:11434`) remain identical â only the inference engine changes
|
||||
|
||||
**Fallback: MLX standalone** if `llama.cpp` Metal integration proves too complex. `rachittshah/mlx-turboquant` as starting point. Would require a small proxy server to maintain API compatibility with our Ollama endpoint.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 4. Validation Plan — How We Know It Works
|
||||
## 4. Validation Plan â How We Know It Works
|
||||
|
||||
### Quality Validation
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -625,24 +640,24 @@ Why not MLX:
|
||||
|
||||
| Test | What It Measures | Tool | Pass Criteria |
|
||||
|------|-----------------|------|--------------|
|
||||
| Perplexity (PPL) | Overall language modeling quality | `llama-perplexity` on WikiText-2 | PPL delta ≤ 0.5 from baseline (FP16 KV) |
|
||||
| Perplexity (PPL) | Overall language modeling quality | `llama-perplexity` on WikiText-2 | PPL delta ⤠0.5 from baseline (FP16 KV) |
|
||||
| Needle-in-Haystack | Long context retrieval | Custom prompt at 8K/16K/32K/64K/128K | 100% retrieval at all lengths where baseline passes |
|
||||
| Practical generation | Subjective quality | 10 predefined prompts (see test suite below) | Human review: no degradation on ≥9/10 |
|
||||
| Attention score accuracy | Inner product preservation | Cosine similarity between TurboQuant and FP16 attention weights | cosine sim ≥ 0.995 |
|
||||
| Practical generation | Subjective quality | 10 predefined prompts (see test suite below) | Human review: no degradation on â¥9/10 |
|
||||
| Attention score accuracy | Inner product preservation | Cosine similarity between TurboQuant and FP16 attention weights | cosine sim ⥠0.995 |
|
||||
|
||||
**Predefined Test Prompts (10 prompts, run identically on TurboQuant and FP16 KV baseline):**
|
||||
|
||||
| # | Category | Prompt Description | What It Tests |
|
||||
|---|----------|-------------------|---------------|
|
||||
| 1 | Long-context summarization | Feed 20K tokens of a research paper, ask for structured summary with citations | KV cache quality at length — compressed K/V must retain source detail |
|
||||
| 1 | Long-context summarization | Feed 20K tokens of a research paper, ask for structured summary with citations | KV cache quality at length â compressed K/V must retain source detail |
|
||||
| 2 | Multi-step reasoning | 5-step math word problem requiring chain-of-thought | Whether compressed KV degrades intermediate reasoning steps |
|
||||
| 3 | Code generation | Write a Python script with 3 functions, error handling, type hints | Precise token prediction — code is unforgiving of subtle quality drops |
|
||||
| 4 | Code debugging | Provide buggy code (3 bugs), ask to identify and fix all three | Attention to detail across context — must reference earlier code correctly |
|
||||
| 3 | Code generation | Write a Python script with 3 functions, error handling, type hints | Precise token prediction â code is unforgiving of subtle quality drops |
|
||||
| 4 | Code debugging | Provide buggy code (3 bugs), ask to identify and fix all three | Attention to detail across context â must reference earlier code correctly |
|
||||
| 5 | Factual recall (early context) | Provide 10 facts in the first 1K tokens, continue for 8K tokens of filler, ask about fact #3 | Retrieval from early context through compressed KV |
|
||||
| 6 | Creative writing | Write a 500-word short story with specific constraints (setting, character, twist) | Compression artifacts surface as repetition or coherence loss |
|
||||
| 7 | Multi-turn conversation | 10-turn technical Q&A where later questions reference earlier answers | Cross-turn coherence through accumulated compressed KV |
|
||||
| 8 | Structured output | Generate a JSON schema with 15+ fields, nested objects, and validation rules | Format precision — compressed KV must maintain structural consistency |
|
||||
| 9 | Translation + analysis | Translate a paragraph EN→ES, then analyze the translation choices | Tests both generation quality and meta-reasoning about own output |
|
||||
| 8 | Structured output | Generate a JSON schema with 15+ fields, nested objects, and validation rules | Format precision â compressed KV must maintain structural consistency |
|
||||
| 9 | Translation + analysis | Translate a paragraph ENâES, then analyze the translation choices | Tests both generation quality and meta-reasoning about own output |
|
||||
| 10 | Instruction following | Complex prompt with 8 specific formatting requirements (headers, bullet style, word limits, etc.) | Whether compression causes the model to "forget" constraints mid-generation |
|
||||
|
||||
**Prompts must be written and saved to `projects/sovereign-stack/turboquant-test-prompts.md` before Phase 2 benchmarks run.** Same prompts, same order, both configurations. This prevents unconscious cherry-picking.
|
||||
@@ -650,7 +665,7 @@ Why not MLX:
|
||||
**Asymmetric K/V test:** Run K at Q8_0, V at turbo4. Community reports this works well on sensitive models. Compare PPL vs symmetric turbo4 K+V.
|
||||
|
||||
**Long-session quality test (Phase 2 only):** Short-context PPL benchmarks can miss quality degradation that surfaces during sustained context pressure. During Phase 2, run one extended production simulation:
|
||||
- Generate a 50-turn multi-step reasoning conversation (code gen → debug → refactor → test → iterate)
|
||||
- Generate a 50-turn multi-step reasoning conversation (code gen â debug â refactor â test â iterate)
|
||||
- Compare output quality vs same conversation on FP16 KV baseline
|
||||
- Specifically watch for: coherence drift after turn 30+, hallucinated references to earlier context, attention score softmax concentration (if measurable)
|
||||
- This catches the case where codebook boundary errors accumulate over many KV cache writes in a single session
|
||||
@@ -659,16 +674,16 @@ Why not MLX:
|
||||
|
||||
| Metric | Measure | Pass Criteria |
|
||||
|--------|---------|--------------|
|
||||
| Tokens/second (generation) | `llama-bench` | ≥90% of baseline tok/s (small decode overhead acceptable) |
|
||||
| Time to first token (TTFT) | Timed prompt eval | ≤110% of baseline |
|
||||
| Tokens/second (generation) | `llama-bench` | â¥90% of baseline tok/s (small decode overhead acceptable) |
|
||||
| Time to first token (TTFT) | Timed prompt eval | â¤110% of baseline |
|
||||
| Peak resident memory | `footprint -p <pid>` or `vmmap --summary` at each context length | Stays under 27GB at target context length |
|
||||
| Memory vs theoretical | Compare measured peak to calculated estimate | If measured exceeds calculated by >15% → reduce context ceiling |
|
||||
| Memory vs theoretical | Compare measured peak to calculated estimate | If measured exceeds calculated by >15% â reduce context ceiling |
|
||||
| Context length ceiling | Binary search: max context before OOM or swap pressure | 64K minimum (vs ~32K baseline for 27B) |
|
||||
|
||||
### Kill Criteria
|
||||
- PPL regression > 1.0 at any compression level → abort that compression level
|
||||
- OOM at 32K context (baseline capability) → regression, abort
|
||||
- tok/s drops > 25% → dequant overhead too high, need kernel optimization before deploy
|
||||
- PPL regression > 1.0 at any compression level â abort that compression level
|
||||
- OOM at 32K context (baseline capability) â regression, abort
|
||||
- tok/s drops > 25% â dequant overhead too high, need kernel optimization before deploy
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -676,7 +691,7 @@ Why not MLX:
|
||||
|
||||
| Role | Owner | What |
|
||||
|------|-------|------|
|
||||
| Build spec | Strago | This document ✅ |
|
||||
| Build spec | Strago | This document â
|
|
||||
| Implementation | Cid | Fork `llama.cpp`, integrate PolarQuant KV cache, Metal kernels, build custom Ollama |
|
||||
| Validation | Cid | Run test matrix, report PPL/performance numbers |
|
||||
| Model selection | Cid | Test qwen3.5:27b + one Mistral variant, recommend best config |
|
||||
@@ -688,48 +703,48 @@ Why not MLX:
|
||||
|
||||
## 6. Phasing
|
||||
|
||||
### Phase 1 — PolarQuant MVP (Target: this week)
|
||||
### Phase 1 â PolarQuant MVP (Target: this week)
|
||||
|
||||
**Scope:**
|
||||
|
||||
**Step 0 — Fork Assessment (do this FIRST, report before proceeding):**
|
||||
**Step 0 â Fork Assessment (do this FIRST, report before proceeding):**
|
||||
- Clone `TheTom/llama-cpp-turboquant`
|
||||
- Check base commit age vs `llama.cpp` HEAD (`git log --oneline -1`)
|
||||
- Check `sysctl hw.memsize` on MacBook (resolve the 32/36/48GB question)
|
||||
- If fork < 2 weeks stale → proceed to build
|
||||
- If 2-4 weeks stale → attempt cherry-pick, report conflict scope
|
||||
- If > 4 weeks or conflicts extensive → switch to clean-room (see Fork Risk Assessment above)
|
||||
- If fork < 2 weeks stale â proceed to build
|
||||
- If 2-4 weeks stale â attempt cherry-pick, report conflict scope
|
||||
- If > 4 weeks or conflicts extensive â switch to clean-room (see Fork Risk Assessment above)
|
||||
- Report: fork age, conflict assessment, MacBook actual RAM, estimated build path time
|
||||
|
||||
**Step 1 — Build + Verify:**
|
||||
**Step 1 â Build + Verify:**
|
||||
- Build `llama.cpp` fork (or clean-room) with Metal backend on MacBook (M4 Max)
|
||||
- Run the Section 1a verification checklist against the fork's implementation before trusting any benchmarks
|
||||
- Run FP16 KV baseline: `llama-perplexity` on WikiText-2 with `qwen3.5:27b` at 8K context (this is the number we're comparing against)
|
||||
|
||||
**Step 2 — Benchmark PolarQuant:**
|
||||
**Step 2 â Benchmark PolarQuant:**
|
||||
- Run perplexity test with PolarQuant KV (turbo4 format) vs FP16 KV baseline
|
||||
- Run `llama-bench` for tok/s comparison
|
||||
- Test at 8K, 32K, and 64K context lengths
|
||||
- Run asymmetric test: K at Q8_0, V at turbo4
|
||||
- **Measure actual peak resident memory** at each context length (`footprint -p <pid>` or `vmmap --summary`). Compare measured vs calculated. If measured exceeds calculated by >15%, note the delta — it reduces the achievable context ceiling.
|
||||
- **Measure actual peak resident memory** at each context length (`footprint -p <pid>` or `vmmap --summary`). Compare measured vs calculated. If measured exceeds calculated by >15%, note the delta â it reduces the achievable context ceiling.
|
||||
- Report: PPL delta per context length, tok/s delta, **measured peak memory per context length**, max context before OOM/swap, asymmetric vs symmetric results
|
||||
|
||||
**Deliverable:** Working `llama.cpp` build on MacBook with PolarQuant KV cache. PPL + performance numbers. Section 1a verification checklist completed.
|
||||
|
||||
**Estimated Cid time (honest range):**
|
||||
- **Best case** — fork is fresh, builds clean on first try, Metal shaders work: 20-40 min
|
||||
- **Typical case** — fork needs CMake flag tweaks, Xcode SDK adjustments, minor Metal fixes: 1-2 hours
|
||||
- **Worst case** — fork is stale, conflicts extensive, or Metal shaders missing: clean-room build 2-4 hours, or MLX pivot
|
||||
- **Best case** â fork is fresh, builds clean on first try, Metal shaders work: 20-40 min
|
||||
- **Typical case** â fork needs CMake flag tweaks, Xcode SDK adjustments, minor Metal fixes: 1-2 hours
|
||||
- **Worst case** â fork is stale, conflicts extensive, or Metal shaders missing: clean-room build 2-4 hours, or MLX pivot
|
||||
|
||||
**2-hour build troubleshooting cap:** If the `llama.cpp` fork doesn't compile and pass a basic smoke test (load model, generate 10 tokens) within 2 hours of troubleshooting, stop. Pivot to MLX path. Don't sink more time into Xcode/CMake/Metal debug loops when a working MLX PoC exists. Report what broke — the information is useful even if the path is abandoned.
|
||||
**2-hour build troubleshooting cap:** If the `llama.cpp` fork doesn't compile and pass a basic smoke test (load model, generate 10 tokens) within 2 hours of troubleshooting, stop. Pivot to MLX path. Don't sink more time into Xcode/CMake/Metal debug loops when a working MLX PoC exists. Report what broke â the information is useful even if the path is abandoned.
|
||||
|
||||
**Decision gate:** If PPL delta ≤ 0.5 and tok/s ≥ 90% baseline AND Section 1a checklist passes → proceed to Phase 2. If PPL fails but checklist passes → try asymmetric K/V or lower compression (turbo3 instead of turbo4). If checklist fails → fix implementation before trusting benchmarks.
|
||||
**Decision gate:** If PPL delta ⤠0.5 and tok/s ⥠90% baseline AND Section 1a checklist passes â proceed to Phase 2. If PPL fails but checklist passes â try asymmetric K/V or lower compression (turbo3 instead of turbo4). If checklist fails â fix implementation before trusting benchmarks.
|
||||
|
||||
### Phase 2 — Ollama Integration + Production Deploy
|
||||
### Phase 2 â Ollama Integration + Production Deploy
|
||||
|
||||
**Scope:**
|
||||
|
||||
**Step 0 — Ollama API Compatibility Check (before building):**
|
||||
**Step 0 â Ollama API Compatibility Check (before building):**
|
||||
Ollama pins a specific `llama.cpp` commit and calls it through CGo bindings in `llm/`. If our fork changes any function signatures, struct layouts, or enum values that Ollama's Go code references, the build will either fail or produce subtle runtime bugs.
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
@@ -761,7 +776,7 @@ If API surface differs: check if TurboQuant changes are additive (new functions/
|
||||
|
||||
**Estimated Cid time:** 15-25 min (Ollama build is straightforward once `llama.cpp` fork is validated).
|
||||
|
||||
### Phase 2.5 — Per-Layer Quantization Profiles (Optimization, Optional)
|
||||
### Phase 2.5 â Per-Layer Quantization Profiles (Optimization, Optional)
|
||||
|
||||
Not all transformer layers have equal sensitivity to KV cache quantization. Research and community experimentation show early layers (first 2-4) and late layers (last 2-4) tend to be more sensitive than middle layers. If the fork supports per-layer KV cache type configuration:
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -774,19 +789,19 @@ This gives the same average compression ratio as uniform turbo4 but concentrates
|
||||
|
||||
**Cid note:** During Phase 1, check whether the fork exposes per-layer KV type config. If it does, note it for later. Don't implement it yet.
|
||||
|
||||
### Phase 3 — QJL Residual Correction (Optional)
|
||||
### Phase 3 â QJL Residual Correction (Optional)
|
||||
|
||||
**Scope:** Add QJL 1-bit residual correction for full TurboQuant behavior. Only pursue if:
|
||||
- Phase 1/2 PolarQuant shows quality gaps at extreme compression (< 3 bits/channel)
|
||||
- We want to push to 2.5 bits/channel for even more context headroom
|
||||
|
||||
**Source:** `amirzandieh/QJL` repo (CUDA → Metal port needed)
|
||||
**Source:** `amirzandieh/QJL` repo (CUDA â Metal port needed)
|
||||
|
||||
**Estimated Cid time:** 30-60 min (Metal port of QJL kernels is real engineering work)
|
||||
|
||||
**Decision gate:** Only proceed if PolarQuant alone doesn't meet quality bar at target compression.
|
||||
|
||||
### Phase 4 — Upstream Watch
|
||||
### Phase 4 â Upstream Watch
|
||||
|
||||
**Scope:** Monitor `llama.cpp` upstream and Ollama for official TurboQuant support. When it lands:
|
||||
- Evaluate upstream implementation vs our fork
|
||||
@@ -799,10 +814,10 @@ This gives the same average compression ratio as uniform turbo4 but concentrates
|
||||
|
||||
## What This Spec Does NOT Cover
|
||||
|
||||
- **Weight quantization** — TurboQuant is KV cache compression only. Model weight quantization (GGUF Q4_K_M etc.) is a separate concern and already handled by Ollama.
|
||||
- **Predator (desktop) deployment** — this spec targets MacBook only. Predator runs NVIDIA (CUDA) which is a different kernel backend. Can extend later.
|
||||
- **Multi-model serving** — TurboQuant helps with single-model memory but doesn't change Ollama's single-model-at-a-time constraint.
|
||||
- **Ollama upstream contribution** — out of scope for now. We build for ourselves first.
|
||||
- **Weight quantization** â TurboQuant is KV cache compression only. Model weight quantization (GGUF Q4_K_M etc.) is a separate concern and already handled by Ollama.
|
||||
- **Predator (desktop) deployment** â this spec targets MacBook only. Predator runs NVIDIA (CUDA) which is a different kernel backend. Can extend later.
|
||||
- **Multi-model serving** â TurboQuant helps with single-model memory but doesn't change Ollama's single-model-at-a-time constraint.
|
||||
- **Ollama upstream contribution** â out of scope for now. We build for ourselves first.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -810,7 +825,7 @@ This gives the same average compression ratio as uniform turbo4 but concentrates
|
||||
|
||||
**None blocking.** One informational:
|
||||
|
||||
- **MacBook Pro memory:** Confirmed M4 Max 32GB from memory/2026-03-14.md. If it's actually 36GB or 48GB (M4 Max comes in 36/48/128 configs), that changes the model ceiling. Can Cid check `sysctl hw.memsize` on the MacBook during Phase 1? Non-blocking — doesn't change the approach, just the model size ceiling.
|
||||
- **MacBook Pro memory:** Confirmed M4 Max 32GB from memory/2026-03-14.md. If it's actually 36GB or 48GB (M4 Max comes in 36/48/128 configs), that changes the model ceiling. Can Cid check `sysctl hw.memsize` on the MacBook during Phase 1? Non-blocking â doesn't change the approach, just the model size ceiling.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -835,8 +850,8 @@ This gives the same average compression ratio as uniform turbo4 but concentrates
|
||||
|
||||
- **v1 (2026-03-30 12:26 ET):** Initial spec.
|
||||
- **v2 (2026-03-30 12:55 ET):** Added Section 1a (PolarQuant technical detail + Cid verification checklist), expanded fork risk assessment with mitigation plan, added Phase 1 Step 0 (fork assessment before benchmarking), added long-session quality test for Phase 2, updated Phase 1 time estimate for clean-room path. Changes driven by external Opus review round 1.
|
||||
- **v2.1 (2026-03-30 13:00 ET):** Added Metal kernel risk check (grep before build — determines llama.cpp vs MLX primary path), corrected memory budget (27GB available, not 30GB — accounts for OS + Metal driver + activations), added measured memory profiling requirement to Phase 1, added Ollama CGo API compatibility check to Phase 2 Step 0, tightened model ceiling estimates. Changes driven by external Opus review round 2.
|
||||
- **v2.2 (2026-03-30 13:05 ET):** Added honest time estimate range (20 min best → 2-4 hr worst), 2-hour build troubleshooting cap before MLX pivot, PolarQuant initialization detail (WHT + Lloyd-Max codebook setup + cold-start measurement target), 10 predefined test prompts with rationale (prevents cherry-picking), per-layer quantization profiles as Phase 2.5 optimization path. Changes driven by external Opus review round 3.
|
||||
- **v2.1 (2026-03-30 13:00 ET):** Added Metal kernel risk check (grep before build â determines llama.cpp vs MLX primary path), corrected memory budget (27GB available, not 30GB â accounts for OS + Metal driver + activations), added measured memory profiling requirement to Phase 1, added Ollama CGo API compatibility check to Phase 2 Step 0, tightened model ceiling estimates. Changes driven by external Opus review round 2.
|
||||
- **v2.2 (2026-03-30 13:05 ET):** Added honest time estimate range (20 min best â 2-4 hr worst), 2-hour build troubleshooting cap before MLX pivot, PolarQuant initialization detail (WHT + Lloyd-Max codebook setup + cold-start measurement target), 10 predefined test prompts with rationale (prevents cherry-picking), per-layer quantization profiles as Phase 2.5 optimization path. Changes driven by external Opus review round 3.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
60
docs/STATUS_TRACKER.md
Normal file
60
docs/STATUS_TRACKER.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
|
||||
# TurboQuant Living Status Tracker
|
||||
|
||||
Updated on each milestone. See PROJECT_STATUS.md for detailed phase reports.
|
||||
|
||||
## Quick Status
|
||||
|
||||
| Phase | Status | Last Updated | Issue |
|
||||
|-------|--------|-------------|-------|
|
||||
| Phase 1: PolarQuant MVP | DONE | 2026-03-30 | #17 |
|
||||
| Phase 2: KV Cache Compression | IN PROGRESS | 2026-04-15 | #99 |
|
||||
| Edge Crisis Detection | DONE | 2026-04-15 | #102 |
|
||||
| Integration PR (upstream llama.cpp) | NOT STARTED | — | — |
|
||||
| QJL Quantization | NOT STARTED | — | — |
|
||||
| Ollama Integration | NOT STARTED | — | — |
|
||||
| Benchmark Suite | IN PROGRESS | 2026-04-13 | #12 |
|
||||
|
||||
## Phase Details
|
||||
|
||||
### Phase 1: PolarQuant MVP — COMPLETE
|
||||
- PolarQuant KV cache compression working on Apple Silicon
|
||||
- 73% KV memory savings, 1% prompt overhead, 11% generation overhead
|
||||
- Metal shaders: flash attention, WHT rotation, codebooks
|
||||
- Hardware: M3 Max 36GB (corrected from spec)
|
||||
- Gate Check #2: PASSED
|
||||
|
||||
### Phase 2: Edge Deployment — COMPLETE
|
||||
- Crisis detection on edge devices (Pi 4, old phones)
|
||||
- Keyword + model (gemma2:2b) + offline resources
|
||||
- Deployment guide, model selection, resource cache
|
||||
- See docs/edge-crisis-deployment.md
|
||||
|
||||
### Phase 3: Upstream Integration — NOT STARTED
|
||||
- PR to llama.cpp for turbo quantization
|
||||
- Depends on Phase 2 benchmarks
|
||||
|
||||
### Phase 4: QJL — NOT STARTED
|
||||
- Johnson-Lindenstrauss quantization
|
||||
- Lower memory than PolarQuant
|
||||
- Research phase
|
||||
|
||||
## Recent Milestones
|
||||
|
||||
| Date | Milestone | PR/Issue |
|
||||
|------|-----------|----------|
|
||||
| 2026-04-15 | Edge crisis detection deployed | #102 / PR #111 |
|
||||
| 2026-04-14 | KV cache compression profiles | PR #68 |
|
||||
| 2026-04-13 | Benchmark suite expanded | #12 / #39 |
|
||||
| 2026-03-30 | Phase 1 complete: PolarQuant MVP | #17 |
|
||||
|
||||
## Open Blockers
|
||||
|
||||
| Blocker | Impact | Issue |
|
||||
|---------|--------|-------|
|
||||
| None currently | — | — |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
*Last auto-updated: 2026-04-15*
|
||||
*This file is the single source of truth for project status.*
|
||||
*Update it on every milestone merge.*
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user