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#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
Dead Code Detector for Python Codebases
AST-based analysis to find defined but never-called functions and classes.
Excludes entry points, plugin hooks, __init__ exports.
Usage:
python3 scripts/dead_code_detector.py /path/to/repo/
python3 scripts/dead_code_detector.py hermes-agent/ --format json
python3 scripts/dead_code_detector.py . --exclude tests/,venv/
Output: file:line, function/class name, last git author (if available)
"""
import argparse
import ast
import json
import os
import subprocess
import sys
from collections import defaultdict
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Optional
# Names that are expected to be unused (entry points, protocol methods, etc.)
SAFE_UNUSED_PATTERNS = {
# Python dunders
"__init__", "__str__", "__repr__", "__eq__", "__hash__", "__len__",
"__getitem__", "__setitem__", "__contains__", "__iter__", "__next__",
"__enter__", "__exit__", "__call__", "__bool__", "__del__",
"__post_init__", "__class_getitem__",
# Common entry points
"main", "app", "handler", "setup", "teardown", "fixture",
# pytest
"conftest", "test_", "pytest_", # prefix patterns
# Protocols / abstract
"abstractmethod", "abc_",
}
def is_safe_unused(name: str, filepath: str) -> bool:
"""Check if an unused name is expected to be unused."""
# Test files are exempt
if "test" in filepath.lower():
return True
# Known patterns
for pattern in SAFE_UNUSED_PATTERNS:
if name.startswith(pattern) or name == pattern:
return True
# __init__.py exports are often unused internally
if filepath.endswith("__init__.py"):
return True
return False
def get_git_blame(filepath: str, lineno: int) -> Optional[str]:
"""Get last author of a line via git blame."""
try:
result = subprocess.run(
["git", "blame", "-L", f"{lineno},{lineno}", "--porcelain", filepath],
capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=5
)
for line in result.stdout.split("\n"):
if line.startswith("author "):
return line[7:]
except:
pass
return None
class DefinitionCollector(ast.NodeVisitor):
"""Collect all function and class definitions."""
def __init__(self):
self.definitions = [] # (name, type, lineno, filepath)
def visit_FunctionDef(self, node):
self.definitions.append((node.name, "function", node.lineno))
self.generic_visit(node)
def visit_AsyncFunctionDef(self, node):
self.definitions.append((node.name, "async_function", node.lineno))
self.generic_visit(node)
def visit_ClassDef(self, node):
self.definitions.append((node.name, "class", node.lineno))
self.generic_visit(node)
class NameUsageCollector(ast.NodeVisitor):
"""Collect all name references (calls, imports, attribute access)."""
def __init__(self):
self.names = set()
self.calls = set()
self.imports = set()
def visit_Name(self, node):
self.names.add(node.id)
self.generic_visit(node)
def visit_Attribute(self, node):
if isinstance(node.value, ast.Name):
self.names.add(node.value.id)
self.generic_visit(node)
def visit_Call(self, node):
if isinstance(node.func, ast.Name):
self.calls.add(node.func.id)
elif isinstance(node.func, ast.Attribute):
if isinstance(node.func.value, ast.Name):
self.names.add(node.func.value.id)
self.calls.add(node.func.attr)
self.generic_visit(node)
def visit_Import(self, node):
for alias in node.names:
self.imports.add(alias.asname or alias.name)
self.generic_visit(node)
def visit_ImportFrom(self, node):
for alias in node.names:
self.imports.add(alias.asname or alias.name)
self.generic_visit(node)
def analyze_file(filepath: str) -> dict:
"""Analyze a single Python file for dead code."""
path = Path(filepath)
try:
content = path.read_text()
tree = ast.parse(content, filename=str(filepath))
except (SyntaxError, UnicodeDecodeError):
return {"error": f"Could not parse {filepath}"}
# Collect definitions
def_collector = DefinitionCollector()
def_collector.visit(tree)
definitions = def_collector.definitions
# Collect usage
usage_collector = NameUsageCollector()
usage_collector.visit(tree)
used_names = usage_collector.names | usage_collector.calls | usage_collector.imports
# Also scan the entire repo for references to this file's definitions
# (this is done at the repo level, not file level)
dead = []
for name, def_type, lineno in definitions:
if name.startswith("_") and not name.startswith("__"):
# Private functions — might be used externally, less likely dead
pass
if name not in used_names:
if not is_safe_unused(name, filepath):
dead.append({
"name": name,
"type": def_type,
"file": filepath,
"line": lineno,
})
return {"definitions": len(definitions), "dead": dead}
def scan_repo(repo_path: str, exclude_patterns: list = None) -> dict:
"""Scan an entire repo for dead code."""
path = Path(repo_path)
exclude = exclude_patterns or ["venv", ".venv", "node_modules", "__pycache__",
".git", "dist", "build", ".tox", "vendor"]
all_definitions = {} # name -> [{file, line, type}]
all_files = []
dead_code = []
# First pass: collect all definitions across repo
for fpath in path.rglob("*.py"):
parts = fpath.parts
if any(ex in parts for ex in exclude):
continue
if fpath.name.startswith("."):
continue
try:
content = fpath.read_text(errors="ignore")
tree = ast.parse(content, filename=str(fpath))
except:
continue
all_files.append(str(fpath))
collector = DefinitionCollector()
collector.visit(tree)
for name, def_type, lineno in collector.definitions:
rel_path = str(fpath.relative_to(path))
if name not in all_definitions:
all_definitions[name] = []
all_definitions[name].append({
"file": rel_path,
"line": lineno,
"type": def_type,
})
# Second pass: check each name for usage across entire repo
all_used_names = set()
for fpath_str in all_files:
try:
content = Path(fpath_str).read_text(errors="ignore")
tree = ast.parse(content)
except:
continue
usage = NameUsageCollector()
usage.visit(tree)
all_used_names.update(usage.names)
all_used_names.update(usage.calls)
all_used_names.update(usage.imports)
# Find dead code
for name, locations in all_definitions.items():
if name not in all_used_names:
for loc in locations:
if not is_safe_unused(name, loc["file"]):
dead_code.append({
"name": name,
"type": loc["type"],
"file": loc["file"],
"line": loc["line"],
})
return {
"repo": path.name,
"files_scanned": len(all_files),
"total_definitions": sum(len(v) for v in all_definitions.values()),
"dead_code_count": len(dead_code),
"dead_code": sorted(dead_code, key=lambda x: (x["file"], x["line"])),
}
def main():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Find dead code in Python codebases")
parser.add_argument("repo", help="Repository path to scan")
parser.add_argument("--format", choices=["text", "json"], default="text")
parser.add_argument("--exclude", help="Comma-separated patterns to exclude")
parser.add_argument("--git-blame", action="store_true", help="Include git blame info")
args = parser.parse_args()
exclude = args.exclude.split(",") if args.exclude else None
result = scan_repo(args.repo, exclude)
if args.format == "json":
print(json.dumps(result, indent=2))
else:
print(f"Dead Code Report: {result['repo']}")
print(f"Files scanned: {result['files_scanned']}")
print(f"Total definitions: {result['total_definitions']}")
print(f"Dead code found: {result['dead_code_count']}")
print()
if result["dead_code"]:
print(f"{'File':<45} {'Line':>4} {'Type':<10} {'Name'}")
print("-" * 85)
for item in result["dead_code"]:
author = ""
if args.git_blame:
author = get_git_blame(
os.path.join(args.repo, item["file"]),
item["line"]
) or ""
author = f" ({author})" if author else ""
print(f"{item['file']:<45} {item['line']:>4} {item['type']:<10} {item['name']}{author}")
else:
print("No dead code detected!")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()

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scripts/diff_analyzer.py Normal file
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#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
Diff Analyzer — Parse unified diffs and categorize every change.
Pipeline 6.1 for Compounding Intelligence.
"""
import re
from dataclasses import dataclass, field, asdict
from enum import Enum
from typing import List, Dict, Any, Optional
class ChangeCategory(Enum):
ADDED = "added"
DELETED = "deleted"
MODIFIED = "modified"
MOVED = "moved"
CONTEXT = "context"
@dataclass
class Hunk:
"""A single diff hunk with header, line ranges, and category."""
header: str
old_start: int
old_count: int
new_start: int
new_count: int
lines: List[str] = field(default_factory=list)
category: ChangeCategory = ChangeCategory.CONTEXT
def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
d = asdict(self)
d["category"] = self.category.value
return d
@dataclass
class FileChange:
"""A single file's changes."""
path: str
old_path: Optional[str] = None # For renames
hunks: List[Hunk] = field(default_factory=list)
added_lines: int = 0
deleted_lines: int = 0
is_new: bool = False
is_deleted: bool = False
is_renamed: bool = False
is_binary: bool = False
def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
return {
"path": self.path,
"old_path": self.old_path,
"hunks": [h.to_dict() for h in self.hunks],
"added_lines": self.added_lines,
"deleted_lines": self.deleted_lines,
"is_new": self.is_new,
"is_deleted": self.is_deleted,
"is_renamed": self.is_renamed,
"is_binary": self.is_binary,
}
@dataclass
class ChangeSummary:
"""Aggregate stats + per-file breakdown."""
files: List[FileChange] = field(default_factory=list)
total_added: int = 0
total_deleted: int = 0
total_files_changed: int = 0
total_hunks: int = 0
new_files: int = 0
deleted_files: int = 0
renamed_files: int = 0
binary_files: int = 0
def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
return {
"total_files_changed": self.total_files_changed,
"total_added": self.total_added,
"total_deleted": self.total_deleted,
"total_hunks": self.total_hunks,
"new_files": self.new_files,
"deleted_files": self.deleted_files,
"renamed_files": self.renamed_files,
"binary_files": self.binary_files,
"files": [f.to_dict() for f in self.files],
}
class DiffAnalyzer:
"""Parses unified diff format and produces structured ChangeSummary."""
HUNK_HEADER_RE = re.compile(r"^@@\s+-(\d+)(?:,(\d+))?\s+\+(\d+)(?:,(\d+))?\s+@@(.*)$")
DIFF_FILE_RE = re.compile(r"^diff --git a/(.*) b/(.*)")
RENAME_RE = re.compile(r"^rename from (.+)$")
RENAME_TO_RE = re.compile(r"^rename to (.+)$")
NEW_FILE_RE = re.compile(r"^new file mode")
DELETED_FILE_RE = re.compile(r"^deleted file mode")
BINARY_RE = re.compile(r"^Binary files .* differ")
def analyze(self, diff_text: str) -> ChangeSummary:
"""Parse a unified diff and return a ChangeSummary."""
summary = ChangeSummary()
if not diff_text or not diff_text.strip():
return summary
# Split diff into per-file sections
file_diffs = self._split_files(diff_text)
for file_diff in file_diffs:
fc = self._parse_file_diff(file_diff)
summary.files.append(fc)
summary.total_added += fc.added_lines
summary.total_deleted += fc.deleted_lines
summary.total_hunks += len(fc.hunks)
if fc.is_new:
summary.new_files += 1
if fc.is_deleted:
summary.deleted_files += 1
if fc.is_renamed:
summary.renamed_files += 1
if fc.is_binary:
summary.binary_files += 1
summary.total_files_changed = len(summary.files)
return summary
def _split_files(self, diff_text: str) -> List[str]:
"""Split a multi-file diff into individual file diffs."""
lines = diff_text.split("\n")
chunks = []
current = []
for line in lines:
if line.startswith("diff --git ") and current:
chunks.append("\n".join(current))
current = [line]
else:
current.append(line)
if current:
chunks.append("\n".join(current))
return chunks
def _parse_file_diff(self, diff_text: str) -> FileChange:
"""Parse a single file's diff section."""
lines = diff_text.split("\n")
fc = FileChange(path="")
# Extract file paths
for line in lines:
m = self.DIFF_FILE_RE.match(line)
if m:
fc.path = m.group(2)
break
# Check for special states
for line in lines:
if self.NEW_FILE_RE.match(line):
fc.is_new = True
elif self.DELETED_FILE_RE.match(line):
fc.is_deleted = True
elif self.RENAME_RE.match(line):
fc.old_path = m.group(1) if (m := self.RENAME_RE.match(line)) else None
fc.is_renamed = True
elif self.BINARY_RE.match(line):
fc.is_binary = True
return fc # No hunks for binary
# Rename TO
for line in lines:
m = self.RENAME_TO_RE.match(line)
if m and fc.is_renamed:
fc.path = m.group(1)
# Parse hunks
current_hunk = None
for line in lines:
m = self.HUNK_HEADER_RE.match(line)
if m:
if current_hunk:
self._classify_hunk(current_hunk, fc)
fc.hunks.append(current_hunk)
current_hunk = Hunk(
header=m.group(5).strip(),
old_start=int(m.group(1)),
old_count=int(m.group(2) or 1),
new_start=int(m.group(3)),
new_count=int(m.group(4) or 1),
)
elif current_hunk and (line.startswith("+") or line.startswith("-") or line.startswith(" ")):
current_hunk.lines.append(line)
if current_hunk:
self._classify_hunk(current_hunk, fc)
fc.hunks.append(current_hunk)
return fc
def _classify_hunk(self, hunk: Hunk, fc: FileChange):
"""Classify a hunk and count lines."""
added = sum(1 for l in hunk.lines if l.startswith("+"))
deleted = sum(1 for l in hunk.lines if l.startswith("-"))
fc.added_lines += added
fc.deleted_lines += deleted
if added > 0 and deleted == 0:
hunk.category = ChangeCategory.ADDED
elif deleted > 0 and added == 0:
hunk.category = ChangeCategory.DELETED
elif added > 0 and deleted > 0:
hunk.category = ChangeCategory.MODIFIED
else:
hunk.category = ChangeCategory.CONTEXT

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Tests for scripts/diff_analyzer.py — 10 tests."""
import sys
import os
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(__file__) or ".")
import importlib.util
spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location("da", os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__) or ".", "diff_analyzer.py"))
mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
spec.loader.exec_module(mod)
DiffAnalyzer = mod.DiffAnalyzer
ChangeCategory = mod.ChangeCategory
SAMPLE_ADD = """diff --git a/new.py b/new.py
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/new.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+def hello():
+ print("world")
+ return True
"""
SAMPLE_DELETE = """diff --git a/old.py b/old.py
deleted file mode 100644
--- a/old.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-def goodbye():
- pass
"""
SAMPLE_MODIFY = """diff --git a/app.py b/app.py
--- a/app.py
+++ b/app.py
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
def main():
- print("old")
+ print("new")
+ print("extra")
return 0
"""
SAMPLE_RENAME = """diff --git a/old_name.py b/new_name.py
rename from old_name.py
rename to new_name.py
--- a/old_name.py
+++ b/new_name.py
@@ -1,1 +1,1 @@
-old content
+new content
"""
SAMPLE_MULTI = """diff --git a/a.py b/a.py
--- a/a.py
+++ b/a.py
@@ -1,1 +1,2 @@
existing
+added line
diff --git b/b.py b/b.py
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/b.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1 @@
+new file
"""
SAMPLE_BINARY = """diff --git a/img.png b/img.png
Binary files a/img.png and b/img.png differ
"""
def test_empty():
a = DiffAnalyzer()
s = a.analyze("")
assert s.total_files_changed == 0
print("PASS: test_empty")
def test_addition():
a = DiffAnalyzer()
s = a.analyze(SAMPLE_ADD)
assert s.total_files_changed == 1
assert s.total_added == 3
assert s.total_deleted == 0
assert s.new_files == 1
assert s.files[0].hunks[0].category == ChangeCategory.ADDED
print("PASS: test_addition")
def test_deletion():
a = DiffAnalyzer()
s = a.analyze(SAMPLE_DELETE)
assert s.total_deleted == 2
assert s.deleted_files == 1
assert s.files[0].hunks[0].category == ChangeCategory.DELETED
print("PASS: test_deletion")
def test_modification():
a = DiffAnalyzer()
s = a.analyze(SAMPLE_MODIFY)
assert s.total_added == 2
assert s.total_deleted == 1
assert s.files[0].hunks[0].category == ChangeCategory.MODIFIED
print("PASS: test_modification")
def test_rename():
a = DiffAnalyzer()
s = a.analyze(SAMPLE_RENAME)
assert s.renamed_files == 1
assert s.files[0].old_path == "old_name.py"
assert s.files[0].path == "new_name.py"
assert s.files[0].is_renamed == True
print("PASS: test_rename")
def test_multiple_files():
a = DiffAnalyzer()
s = a.analyze(SAMPLE_MULTI)
assert s.total_files_changed == 2
assert s.new_files == 1
print("PASS: test_multiple_files")
def test_binary():
a = DiffAnalyzer()
s = a.analyze(SAMPLE_BINARY)
assert s.binary_files == 1
assert s.files[0].is_binary == True
assert len(s.files[0].hunks) == 0
print("PASS: test_binary")
def test_to_dict():
a = DiffAnalyzer()
s = a.analyze(SAMPLE_MODIFY)
d = s.to_dict()
assert "total_files_changed" in d
assert "files" in d
assert isinstance(d["files"], list)
print("PASS: test_to_dict")
def test_context_only():
diff = """diff --git a/f.py b/f.py
--- a/f.py
+++ b/f.py
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
line1
-old
+new
line3
"""
a = DiffAnalyzer()
s = a.analyze(diff)
# Has both added and deleted = MODIFIED
assert s.files[0].hunks[0].category == ChangeCategory.MODIFIED
print("PASS: test_context_only")
def test_multi_hunk():
diff = """diff --git a/f.py b/f.py
--- a/f.py
+++ b/f.py
@@ -1,1 +1,2 @@
existing
+first addition
@@ -10,1 +11,2 @@
more
+second addition
"""
a = DiffAnalyzer()
s = a.analyze(diff)
assert s.total_hunks == 2
assert s.total_added == 2
print("PASS: test_multi_hunk")
def run_all():
test_empty()
test_addition()
test_deletion()
test_modification()
test_rename()
test_multiple_files()
test_binary()
test_to_dict()
test_context_only()
test_multi_hunk()
print("\nAll 10 tests passed!")
if __name__ == "__main__":
run_all()