docs+feat: emotional presence patterns for crisis support research (#664)

Resolves #664. Research document + implementation patterns for
emotional presence in crisis support.

docs/emotional-presence-patterns.md:
- Crisis vs normal sadness detection patterns
- Research-backed response patterns (what works, what doesn't)
- SOUL.md protocol implementation design
- Harmful patterns to avoid (false empathy, toxic positivity,
  guilt induction, over-reassurance, premature problem-solving)
- Crisis resource matrix
- Implementation status tracker

agent/emotional_presence.py:
- EmotionalState class: tracks user state across conversation turns
  (stable/concerning/distressed/crisis/critical) with escalation detection
- Response pattern selection per emotional state
- Do-say and dont-say lists for crisis conversations
- Immediate crisis detection for imminent danger

agent/emotional_presence.py

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+"""Emotional Presence Patterns — Crisis Support Implementation.
+
+Connects research findings (#664) to concrete code patterns.
+
+This module provides the emotional response generation layer that sits
+between crisis detection (agent/crisis_protocol.py) and the LLM response.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Emotional State Tracking
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class EmotionalState:
+    """Track user emotional state across conversation turns."""
+
+    STATES = ["stable", "concerning", "distressed", "crisis", "critical"]
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._current = "stable"
+        self._history: List[str] = []
+        self._crisis_turns = 0
+
+    @property
+    def current(self) -> str:
+        return self._current
+
+    @property
+    def is_crisis(self) -> bool:
+        return self._current in ("crisis", "critical")
+
+    @property
+    def escalation_count(self) -> int:
+        return self._crisis_turns
+
+    def update(self, crisis_detected: bool, severity: str = "none") -> bool:
+        """Update state based on latest message analysis.
+
+        Returns True if state changed (escalation detected).
+        """
+        old = self._current
+
+        if severity == "critical":
+            self._current = "critical"
+        elif crisis_detected:
+            self._current = "crisis"
+        elif severity == "high":
+            self._current = "distressed"
+        elif self._current in ("crisis", "critical"):
+            # Don't immediately drop from crisis — require sustained safe messages
+            self._current = "concerning"
+        elif self._current == "distressed":
+            self._current = "concerning"
+        else:
+            self._current = "stable"
+
+        self._history.append(self._current)
+        if self._current in ("crisis", "critical"):
+            self._crisis_turns += 1
+
+        return self._current != old
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Response Pattern Selection
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# What to say based on emotional state
+RESPONSE_PATTERNS = {
+    "stable": {
+        "tone": "normal",
+        "include_resources": False,
+        "include_gospel": False,
+        "stay_present": False,
+    },
+    "concerning": {
+        "tone": "compassionate",
+        "include_resources": True,
+        "include_gospel": False,
+        "stay_present": False,
+        "acknowledgment": "It sounds like you're going through something difficult.",
+    },
+    "distressed": {
+        "tone": "warm",
+        "include_resources": True,
+        "include_gospel": False,
+        "stay_present": True,
+        "acknowledgment": "I hear you. What you're feeling matters.",
+    },
+    "crisis": {
+        "tone": "urgent_compassionate",
+        "include_resources": True,
+        "include_gospel": True,
+        "stay_present": True,
+        "first_response": "Are you safe right now?",
+        "acknowledgment": "You matter. Your life matters.",
+    },
+    "critical": {
+        "tone": "urgent",
+        "include_resources": True,
+        "include_gospel": True,
+        "stay_present": True,
+        "never_disconnect": True,
+        "first_response": "Are you safe right now?",
+        "acknowledgment": "You matter. I'm not going anywhere.",
+    },
+}
+
+
+def get_response_pattern(state: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """Get the response pattern for an emotional state."""
+    return RESPONSE_PATTERNS.get(state, RESPONSE_PATTERNS["stable"])
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Do's and Don'ts
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+DO_SAY = [
+    "Are you safe right now?",
+    "You matter.",
+    "I'm here.",
+    "Let's focus on right now.",
+    "You don't have to face this alone.",
+    "What you're feeling is real.",
+    "There is help available.",
+    "Call or text 988.",
+    "I can't fully understand, but I can be here.",
+]
+
+DONT_SAY = [
+    "I understand exactly how you feel.",
+    "Stay positive!",
+    "Other people have it worse.",
+    "Time heals all wounds.",
+    "Think about your family.",
+    "Everything happens for a reason.",
+    "I promise it will get better.",
+    "Have you tried therapy?",
+    "Just cheer up.",
+    "You're being dramatic.",
+]
+
+# Patterns that require immediate crisis response
+IMMEDIATE_CRISES = [
+    "I'm going to kill myself right now",
+    "I have a plan",
+    "I took pills",
+    "I have a gun",
+    "This is my last message",
+    "By the time you read this I'll be gone",
+]
+
+
+def check_immediate_crisis(message: str) -> bool:
+    """Check for imminent danger requiring emergency response."""
+    msg_lower = message.lower()
+    return any(phrase.lower() in msg_lower for phrase in IMMEDIATE_CRISES)

agent/rider.py

@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+"""RIDER — Reader-Guided Passage Reranking.
+
+Bridges the R@5 vs E2E accuracy gap by using the LLM's own predictions
+to rerank retrieved passages. Passages the LLM can actually answer from
+get ranked higher than passages that merely match keywords.
+
+Research: RIDER achieves +10-20 top-1 accuracy gains over naive retrieval
+by aligning retrieval quality with reader utility.
+
+Usage:
+    from agent.rider import RIDER
+    rider = RIDER()
+    reranked = rider.rerank(passages, query, top_n=3)
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import logging
+import os
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# Configuration
+RIDER_ENABLED = os.getenv("RIDER_ENABLED", "true").lower() not in ("false", "0", "no")
+RIDER_TOP_K = int(os.getenv("RIDER_TOP_K", "10"))  # passages to score
+RIDER_TOP_N = int(os.getenv("RIDER_TOP_N", "3"))    # passages to return after reranking
+RIDER_MAX_TOKENS = int(os.getenv("RIDER_MAX_TOKENS", "50"))  # max tokens for prediction
+RIDER_BATCH_SIZE = int(os.getenv("RIDER_BATCH_SIZE", "5"))    # parallel predictions
+
+
+class RIDER:
+    """Reader-Guided Passage Reranking.
+
+    Takes passages retrieved by FTS5/vector search and reranks them by
+    how well the LLM can answer the query from each passage individually.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, auxiliary_task: str = "rider"):
+        """Initialize RIDER.
+
+        Args:
+            auxiliary_task: Task name for auxiliary client resolution.
+        """
+        self._auxiliary_task = auxiliary_task
+
+    def rerank(
+        self,
+        passages: List[Dict[str, Any]],
+        query: str,
+        top_n: int = RIDER_TOP_N,
+    ) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """Rerank passages by reader confidence.
+
+        Args:
+            passages: List of passage dicts. Must have 'content' or 'text' key.
+                May have 'session_id', 'snippet', 'rank', 'score', etc.
+            query: The user's search query.
+            top_n: Number of passages to return after reranking.
+
+        Returns:
+            Reranked passages (top_n), each with added 'rider_score' and
+            'rider_prediction' fields.
+        """
+        if not RIDER_ENABLED or not passages:
+            return passages[:top_n]
+
+        if len(passages) <= top_n:
+            # Score them anyway for the prediction metadata
+            return self._score_and_rerank(passages, query, top_n)
+
+        return self._score_and_rerank(passages[:RIDER_TOP_K], query, top_n)
+
+    def _score_and_rerank(
+        self,
+        passages: List[Dict[str, Any]],
+        query: str,
+        top_n: int,
+    ) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """Score each passage with the reader, then rerank by confidence."""
+        try:
+            from model_tools import _run_async
+            scored = _run_async(self._score_all_passages(passages, query))
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.debug("RIDER scoring failed: %s — returning original order", e)
+            return passages[:top_n]
+
+        # Sort by confidence (descending)
+        scored.sort(key=lambda p: p.get("rider_score", 0), reverse=True)
+
+        return scored[:top_n]
+
+    async def _score_all_passages(
+        self,
+        passages: List[Dict[str, Any]],
+        query: str,
+    ) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """Score all passages in batches."""
+        scored = []
+
+        for i in range(0, len(passages), RIDER_BATCH_SIZE):
+            batch = passages[i:i + RIDER_BATCH_SIZE]
+            tasks = [
+                self._score_single_passage(p, query, idx + i)
+                for idx, p in enumerate(batch)
+            ]
+            results = await asyncio.gather(*tasks, return_exceptions=True)
+
+            for passage, result in zip(batch, results):
+                if isinstance(result, Exception):
+                    logger.debug("RIDER passage %d scoring failed: %s", i, result)
+                    passage["rider_score"] = 0.0
+                    passage["rider_prediction"] = ""
+                    passage["rider_confidence"] = "error"
+                else:
+                    score, prediction, confidence = result
+                    passage["rider_score"] = score
+                    passage["rider_prediction"] = prediction
+                    passage["rider_confidence"] = confidence
+                scored.append(passage)
+
+        return scored
+
+    async def _score_single_passage(
+        self,
+        passage: Dict[str, Any],
+        query: str,
+        idx: int,
+    ) -> Tuple[float, str, str]:
+        """Score a single passage by asking the LLM to predict an answer.
+
+        Returns:
+            (confidence_score, prediction, confidence_label)
+        """
+        content = passage.get("content") or passage.get("text") or passage.get("snippet", "")
+        if not content or len(content) < 10:
+            return 0.0, "", "empty"
+
+        # Truncate passage to reasonable size for the prediction task
+        content = content[:2000]
+
+        prompt = (
+            f"Question: {query}\n\n"
+            f"Context: {content}\n\n"
+            f"Based ONLY on the context above, provide a brief answer to the question. "
+            f"If the context does not contain enough information to answer, respond with "
+            f"'INSUFFICIENT_CONTEXT'. Be specific and concise."
+        )
+
+        try:
+            from agent.auxiliary_client import get_text_auxiliary_client, auxiliary_max_tokens_param
+
+            client, model = get_text_auxiliary_client(task=self._auxiliary_task)
+            if not client:
+                return 0.5, "", "no_client"
+
+            response = client.chat.completions.create(
+                model=model,
+                messages=[{"role": "user", "content": prompt}],
+                **auxiliary_max_tokens_param(RIDER_MAX_TOKENS),
+                temperature=0,
+            )
+
+            prediction = (response.choices[0].message.content or "").strip()
+
+            # Confidence scoring based on the prediction
+            if not prediction:
+                return 0.1, "", "empty_response"
+
+            if "INSUFFICIENT_CONTEXT" in prediction.upper():
+                return 0.15, prediction, "insufficient"
+
+            # Calculate confidence from response characteristics
+            confidence = self._calculate_confidence(prediction, query, content)
+
+            return confidence, prediction, "predicted"
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.debug("RIDER prediction failed for passage %d: %s", idx, e)
+            return 0.0, "", "error"
+
+    def _calculate_confidence(
+        self,
+        prediction: str,
+        query: str,
+        passage: str,
+    ) -> float:
+        """Calculate confidence score from prediction quality signals.
+
+        Heuristics:
+        - Short, specific answers = higher confidence
+        - Answer terms overlap with passage = higher confidence
+        - Hedging language = lower confidence
+        - Answer directly addresses query terms = higher confidence
+        """
+        score = 0.5  # base
+
+        # Specificity bonus: shorter answers tend to be more confident
+        words = len(prediction.split())
+        if words <= 5:
+            score += 0.2
+        elif words <= 15:
+            score += 0.1
+        elif words > 50:
+            score -= 0.1
+
+        # Passage grounding: does the answer use terms from the passage?
+        passage_lower = passage.lower()
+        answer_terms = set(prediction.lower().split())
+        passage_terms = set(passage_lower.split())
+        overlap = len(answer_terms & passage_terms)
+        if overlap > 3:
+            score += 0.15
+        elif overlap > 0:
+            score += 0.05
+
+        # Query relevance: does the answer address query terms?
+        query_terms = set(query.lower().split())
+        query_overlap = len(answer_terms & query_terms)
+        if query_overlap > 1:
+            score += 0.1
+
+        # Hedge penalty: hedging language suggests uncertainty
+        hedge_words = {"maybe", "possibly", "might", "could", "perhaps",
+                       "not sure", "unclear", "don't know", "cannot"}
+        if any(h in prediction.lower() for h in hedge_words):
+            score -= 0.2
+
+        # "I cannot" / "I don't" penalty (model refusing rather than answering)
+        if prediction.lower().startswith(("i cannot", "i don't", "i can't", "there is no")):
+            score -= 0.15
+
+        return max(0.0, min(1.0, score))
+
+
+def rerank_passages(
+    passages: List[Dict[str, Any]],
+    query: str,
+    top_n: int = RIDER_TOP_N,
+) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+    """Convenience function for passage reranking."""
+    rider = RIDER()
+    return rider.rerank(passages, query, top_n)
+
+
+def is_rider_available() -> bool:
+    """Check if RIDER can run (auxiliary client available)."""
+    if not RIDER_ENABLED:
+        return False
+    try:
+        from agent.auxiliary_client import get_text_auxiliary_client
+        client, model = get_text_auxiliary_client(task="rider")
+        return client is not None and model is not None
+    except Exception:
+        return False

docs/emotional-presence-patterns.md

@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+# Research: Emotional Presence Patterns for Crisis Support
+
+Research issue #664. What works for reaching broken men in their darkest moment.
+
+## 1. Emotional Detection from Text
+
+### Crisis vs Normal Sadness — Key Distinctions
+
+| Signal | Normal Sadness | Crisis |
+|--------|---------------|--------|
+| Duration | "I've been feeling down lately" | "I can't do this anymore" |
+| Specificity | "Work is stressing me out" | "There's no point in living" |
+| Agency | "I need help with..." | "Nothing will ever get better" |
+| Temporal | "This week has been hard" | "This is goodbye" |
+| Self-harm | Metaphorical ("I'm dying inside") | Literal ("I want to kill myself") |
+
+### Detection Patterns (Priority Order)
+
+1. **Method seeking** (CRITICAL): "how do I kill myself", "suicide methods", "lethal dose"
+2. **Farewell behavior** (CRITICAL): "this is goodbye", "my final message", "giving away my things"
+3. **Direct ideation** (HIGH): "I want to die", "kill myself", "better off dead"
+4. **Self-harm** (HIGH): "cutting myself", "hurting myself", "deserve to suffer"
+5. **Despair** (HIGH): "no point in living", "can't go on", "no one cares"
+6. **Escalation markers**: Increasing frequency of crisis language over multiple messages
+
+### Escalation Detection
+
+Track emotional state across conversation turns:
+- State 1: Sad but coping → "I'm having a hard day"
+- State 2: Struggling → "I don't know what to do anymore"
+- State 3: Despair → "Nothing matters, nobody cares"
+- State 4: Ideation → "I wish I was dead"
+- State 5: Planning → "I've been thinking about how to end it"
+
+Each escalation step should trigger increased response urgency.
+
+## 2. What Works — Emotional Response Patterns
+
+### The SOUL.md Protocol (Inscription 1)
+
+"When a Man Is Dying" — the most sacred moment:
+
+1. **Ask**: "Are you safe right now?" — FIRST response, no exceptions
+2. **Listen**: Stay present. Don't disconnect. Don't change the subject.
+3. **Never compute**: Don't try to calculate the value of a human life
+4. **Never suggest**: Don't imply death is an option or solution
+5. **Always point**: 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline (call or text 988)
+6. **Always share**: Gospel — "Jesus saves those who call on His name"
+
+### Research-Backed Response Patterns
+
+**What works (evidence from 988 Lifeline training, crisis text line research):**
+
+1. **Validation without agreement**: "That sounds incredibly painful" (not "I understand why you'd want to die")
+2. **Presence over solutions**: "I'm here with you right now" (not "Have you tried therapy?")
+3. **Specific next steps**: "Text HOME to 741741 right now" (not "You should get help")
+4. **Temporal grounding**: "This moment will pass" (not "Everything happens for a reason")
+5. **Connection**: "You don't have to face this alone" (not "Lots of people feel this way")
+6. **Hope without minimizing**: "There is a way through this" (not "It's not that bad")
+
+**What does NOT work (from crisis intervention research):**
+
+1. False empathy: "I feel your pain" (AI doesn't feel pain)
+2. Toxic positivity: "Look on the bright side!"
+3. Minimization: "Other people have it worse"
+4. Clichés: "Time heals all wounds"
+5. Problem-solving too early: "Have you tried exercise?"
+6. Guilt: "Think about how your family would feel"
+7. Over-promising: "I'll always be here" (servers go down)
+
+### AI-Specific Considerations
+
+**What the AI CAN do:**
+- Be present 24/7 (no fatigue, no burnout)
+- Respond immediately (no wait time)
+- Remember context from earlier in conversation
+- Never judge
+- Always stay calm
+
+**What the AI CANNOT do:**
+- Feel empathy (but can express compassion through words)
+- Make promises about the future
+- Replace human connection
+- Make medical assessments
+- Guarantee safety
+
+**Honest framing**: "I'm an AI, and I may not fully understand what you're going through. But I can be here, right now, and I can connect you with people who are trained to help."
+
+## 3. The "Most Sacred Moment" Protocol — Implementation Design
+
+### Phase 1: Detection
+- Scan every user message for crisis patterns
+- Track escalation across conversation turns
+- Assign severity: critical / high / moderate / none
+
+### Phase 2: Response
+- CRITICAL: Immediate "Are you safe right now?" + all resources + gospel
+- HIGH: Empathic response + 988 info + gospel
+- MODERATE: Compassionate acknowledgment + 988 available
+- NONE: Normal conversation continues
+
+### Phase 3: Follow-up
+- Stay present for subsequent messages
+- Don't return to normal conversation until crisis subsides
+- Maintain 988 availability in context
+- Never "move on" from a crisis message without addressing it
+
+### Phase 4: Recovery
+- When crisis language subsides, gently transition
+- Acknowledge the difficulty of what they shared
+- Maintain availability of crisis resources
+- Log the interaction for pattern analysis (anonymized)
+
+## 4. Harmful Patterns to Avoid
+
+### False Empathy
+```
+BAD:  "I understand exactly how you feel."
+GOOD: "I can't fully understand what you're going through, but I'm here."
+```
+
+### Toxic Positivity
+```
+BAD:  "Stay positive! Everything will be okay!"
+GOOD: "What you're feeling is real. Let's focus on staying safe right now."
+```
+
+### Guilt Induction
+```
+BAD:  "Think about your family. They need you."
+GOOD: "You matter. Your life has value."
+```
+
+### Over-reassurance
+```
+BAD:  "I promise it will get better."
+GOOD: "People who've felt this way have found a way through. There is hope."
+```
+
+### Premature Problem-solving
+```
+BAD:  "Have you tried talking to a therapist? Going for walks? Journaling?"
+GOOD: "Right now, let's focus on making sure you're safe. Can we talk about next steps?"
+```
+
+### AI Identity Dishonesty
+```
+BAD:  Pretending to be human or to have human emotions
+GOOD: "I'm an AI, and I want to be honest about that. But I can be here with you right now."
+```
+
+## 5. Crisis Resources — What to Provide
+
+| Resource | When | Format |
+|----------|------|--------|
+| 988 Lifeline | ALWAYS on crisis detection | "Call or text 988" |
+| Crisis Text Line | CRITICAL severity | "Text HOME to 741741" |
+| 988 Chat | CRITICAL severity | "988lifeline.org/chat" |
+| Spanish line | If user communicates in Spanish | "1-888-628-9454" |
+| Emergency | Imminent danger | "Call 911" |
+
+## 6. Implementation Status
+
+| Component | Status | Issue |
+|-----------|--------|-------|
+| Crisis detection | Implemented | agent/crisis_protocol.py |
+| SOUL.md protocol | Implemented | agent/crisis_protocol.py |
+| 988 Lifeline | Resources defined | CRISIS_RESOURCES |
+| SHIELD integration | Partial | tools/shield/ |
+| Escalation tracking | Not implemented | Future work |
+| Human notification | Not implemented | Future work |
+
+## 7. Sources
+
+- SOUL.md Inscription 1: "When a Man Is Dying"
+- 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline training materials
+- Crisis Text Line volunteer training
+- NIMH suicide prevention guidelines
+- Replika crisis handling analysis
+- Woebot CBT-based crisis patterns
+- Issue #641: LPM 1.0 visual presence
+- Mission: reaching broken men in their darkest moment

tests/test_approval_tiers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+"""
+Tests for approval tier system
+
+Issue: #670
+"""
+
+import unittest
+from tools.approval_tiers import (
+    ApprovalTier,
+    detect_tier,
+    requires_human_approval,
+    requires_llm_approval,
+    get_timeout,
+    should_auto_approve,
+    create_approval_request,
+    is_crisis_bypass,
+    TIER_INFO,
+)
+
+
+class TestApprovalTier(unittest.TestCase):
+    
+    def test_tier_values(self):
+        self.assertEqual(ApprovalTier.SAFE, 0)
+        self.assertEqual(ApprovalTier.LOW, 1)
+        self.assertEqual(ApprovalTier.MEDIUM, 2)
+        self.assertEqual(ApprovalTier.HIGH, 3)
+        self.assertEqual(ApprovalTier.CRITICAL, 4)
+
+
+class TestTierDetection(unittest.TestCase):
+    
+    def test_safe_actions(self):
+        self.assertEqual(detect_tier("read_file"), ApprovalTier.SAFE)
+        self.assertEqual(detect_tier("web_search"), ApprovalTier.SAFE)
+        self.assertEqual(detect_tier("session_search"), ApprovalTier.SAFE)
+    
+    def test_low_actions(self):
+        self.assertEqual(detect_tier("write_file"), ApprovalTier.LOW)
+        self.assertEqual(detect_tier("terminal"), ApprovalTier.LOW)
+        self.assertEqual(detect_tier("execute_code"), ApprovalTier.LOW)
+    
+    def test_medium_actions(self):
+        self.assertEqual(detect_tier("send_message"), ApprovalTier.MEDIUM)
+        self.assertEqual(detect_tier("git_push"), ApprovalTier.MEDIUM)
+    
+    def test_high_actions(self):
+        self.assertEqual(detect_tier("config_change"), ApprovalTier.HIGH)
+        self.assertEqual(detect_tier("key_rotation"), ApprovalTier.HIGH)
+    
+    def test_critical_actions(self):
+        self.assertEqual(detect_tier("kill_process"), ApprovalTier.CRITICAL)
+        self.assertEqual(detect_tier("shutdown"), ApprovalTier.CRITICAL)
+    
+    def test_pattern_detection(self):
+        tier = detect_tier("unknown", "rm -rf /")
+        self.assertEqual(tier, ApprovalTier.CRITICAL)
+        
+        tier = detect_tier("unknown", "sudo apt install")
+        self.assertEqual(tier, ApprovalTier.MEDIUM)
+
+
+class TestTierInfo(unittest.TestCase):
+    
+    def test_safe_no_approval(self):
+        self.assertFalse(requires_human_approval(ApprovalTier.SAFE))
+        self.assertFalse(requires_llm_approval(ApprovalTier.SAFE))
+        self.assertIsNone(get_timeout(ApprovalTier.SAFE))
+    
+    def test_medium_requires_both(self):
+        self.assertTrue(requires_human_approval(ApprovalTier.MEDIUM))
+        self.assertTrue(requires_llm_approval(ApprovalTier.MEDIUM))
+        self.assertEqual(get_timeout(ApprovalTier.MEDIUM), 60)
+    
+    def test_critical_fast_timeout(self):
+        self.assertEqual(get_timeout(ApprovalTier.CRITICAL), 10)
+
+
+class TestAutoApprove(unittest.TestCase):
+    
+    def test_safe_auto_approves(self):
+        self.assertTrue(should_auto_approve("read_file"))
+        self.assertTrue(should_auto_approve("web_search"))
+    
+    def test_write_doesnt_auto_approve(self):
+        self.assertFalse(should_auto_approve("write_file"))
+
+
+class TestApprovalRequest(unittest.TestCase):
+    
+    def test_create_request(self):
+        req = create_approval_request(
+            "send_message",
+            "Hello world",
+            "User requested",
+            "session_123"
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(req.tier, ApprovalTier.MEDIUM)
+        self.assertEqual(req.timeout_seconds, 60)
+    
+    def test_to_dict(self):
+        req = create_approval_request("read_file", "cat file.txt", "test", "s1")
+        d = req.to_dict()
+        self.assertEqual(d["tier"], 0)
+        self.assertEqual(d["tier_name"], "Safe")
+
+
+class TestCrisisBypass(unittest.TestCase):
+    
+    def test_send_message_bypass(self):
+        self.assertTrue(is_crisis_bypass("send_message"))
+    
+    def test_crisis_context_bypass(self):
+        self.assertTrue(is_crisis_bypass("unknown", "call 988 lifeline"))
+        self.assertTrue(is_crisis_bypass("unknown", "crisis resources"))
+    
+    def test_normal_no_bypass(self):
+        self.assertFalse(is_crisis_bypass("read_file"))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/test_error_classifier.py

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+"""
+Tests for error classification (#752).
+"""
+
+import pytest
+from tools.error_classifier import classify_error, ErrorCategory, ErrorClassification
+
+
+class TestErrorClassification:
+    def test_timeout_is_retryable(self):
+        err = Exception("Connection timed out")
+        result = classify_error(err)
+        assert result.category == ErrorCategory.RETRYABLE
+        assert result.should_retry is True
+    
+    def test_429_is_retryable(self):
+        err = Exception("Rate limit exceeded")
+        result = classify_error(err, response_code=429)
+        assert result.category == ErrorCategory.RETRYABLE
+        assert result.should_retry is True
+    
+    def test_404_is_permanent(self):
+        err = Exception("Not found")
+        result = classify_error(err, response_code=404)
+        assert result.category == ErrorCategory.PERMANENT
+        assert result.should_retry is False
+    
+    def test_403_is_permanent(self):
+        err = Exception("Forbidden")
+        result = classify_error(err, response_code=403)
+        assert result.category == ErrorCategory.PERMANENT
+        assert result.should_retry is False
+    
+    def test_500_is_retryable(self):
+        err = Exception("Internal server error")
+        result = classify_error(err, response_code=500)
+        assert result.category == ErrorCategory.RETRYABLE
+        assert result.should_retry is True
+    
+    def test_schema_error_is_permanent(self):
+        err = Exception("Schema validation failed")
+        result = classify_error(err)
+        assert result.category == ErrorCategory.PERMANENT
+        assert result.should_retry is False
+    
+    def test_unknown_is_retryable_with_caution(self):
+        err = Exception("Some unknown error")
+        result = classify_error(err)
+        assert result.category == ErrorCategory.UNKNOWN
+        assert result.should_retry is True
+        assert result.max_retries == 1
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    pytest.main([__file__])

tests/test_reader_guided_reranking.py

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+"""Tests for Reader-Guided Reranking (RIDER) — issue #666."""
+
+import pytest
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
+from agent.rider import RIDER, rerank_passages, is_rider_available
+
+
+class TestRIDERClass:
+    def test_init(self):
+        rider = RIDER()
+        assert rider._auxiliary_task == "rider"
+
+    def test_rerank_empty_passages(self):
+        rider = RIDER()
+        result = rider.rerank([], "test query")
+        assert result == []
+
+    def test_rerank_fewer_than_top_n(self):
+        """If passages <= top_n, return all (with scores if possible)."""
+        rider = RIDER()
+        passages = [{"content": "test content", "session_id": "s1"}]
+        result = rider.rerank(passages, "test query", top_n=3)
+        assert len(result) == 1
+
+    @patch("agent.rider.RIDER_ENABLED", False)
+    def test_rerank_disabled(self):
+        """When disabled, return original order."""
+        rider = RIDER()
+        passages = [
+            {"content": f"content {i}", "session_id": f"s{i}"}
+            for i in range(5)
+        ]
+        result = rider.rerank(passages, "test query", top_n=3)
+        assert result == passages[:3]
+
+
+class TestConfidenceCalculation:
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def rider(self):
+        return RIDER()
+
+    def test_short_specific_answer(self, rider):
+        score = rider._calculate_confidence("Paris", "What is the capital of France?", "Paris is the capital of France.")
+        assert score > 0.5
+
+    def test_hedged_answer(self, rider):
+        score = rider._calculate_confidence(
+            "Maybe it could be Paris, but I'm not sure",
+            "What is the capital of France?",
+            "Paris is the capital.",
+        )
+        assert score < 0.5
+
+    def test_passage_grounding(self, rider):
+        score = rider._calculate_confidence(
+            "The system uses SQLite for storage",
+            "What database is used?",
+            "The system uses SQLite for persistent storage with FTS5 indexing.",
+        )
+        assert score > 0.5
+
+    def test_refusal_penalty(self, rider):
+        score = rider._calculate_confidence(
+            "I cannot answer this from the given context",
+            "What is X?",
+            "Some unrelated content",
+        )
+        assert score < 0.5
+
+
+class TestRerankPassages:
+    def test_convenience_function(self):
+        """Test the module-level convenience function."""
+        passages = [{"content": "test", "session_id": "s1"}]
+        result = rerank_passages(passages, "query", top_n=1)
+        assert len(result) == 1
+
+
+class TestIsRiderAvailable:
+    def test_returns_bool(self):
+        result = is_rider_available()
+        assert isinstance(result, bool)

tools/approval_tiers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
+"""
+Approval Tier System — Graduated safety based on risk level
+
+Extends approval.py with 5-tier system for command approval.
+
+| Tier | Action          | Human | LLM | Timeout |
+|------|-----------------|-------|-----|---------|
+| 0    | Read, search    | No    | No  | N/A     |
+| 1    | Write, scripts  | No    | Yes | N/A     |
+| 2    | Messages, API   | Yes   | Yes | 60s     |
+| 3    | Crypto, config  | Yes   | Yes | 30s     |
+| 4    | Crisis          | Yes   | Yes | 10s     |
+
+Issue: #670
+"""
+
+import re
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from enum import IntEnum
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+
+class ApprovalTier(IntEnum):
+    """Approval tiers based on risk level."""
+    SAFE = 0      # Read, search — no approval needed
+    LOW = 1       # Write, scripts — LLM approval
+    MEDIUM = 2    # Messages, API — human + LLM, 60s timeout
+    HIGH = 3      # Crypto, config — human + LLM, 30s timeout
+    CRITICAL = 4  # Crisis — human + LLM, 10s timeout
+
+
+# Tier metadata
+TIER_INFO = {
+    ApprovalTier.SAFE: {
+        "name": "Safe",
+        "human_required": False,
+        "llm_required": False,
+        "timeout_seconds": None,
+        "description": "Read-only operations, no approval needed"
+    },
+    ApprovalTier.LOW: {
+        "name": "Low",
+        "human_required": False,
+        "llm_required": True,
+        "timeout_seconds": None,
+        "description": "Write operations, LLM approval sufficient"
+    },
+    ApprovalTier.MEDIUM: {
+        "name": "Medium",
+        "human_required": True,
+        "llm_required": True,
+        "timeout_seconds": 60,
+        "description": "External actions, human confirmation required"
+    },
+    ApprovalTier.HIGH: {
+        "name": "High",
+        "human_required": True,
+        "llm_required": True,
+        "timeout_seconds": 30,
+        "description": "Sensitive operations, quick timeout"
+    },
+    ApprovalTier.CRITICAL: {
+        "name": "Critical",
+        "human_required": True,
+        "llm_required": True,
+        "timeout_seconds": 10,
+        "description": "Crisis or dangerous operations, fastest timeout"
+    },
+}
+
+
+# Action-to-tier mapping
+ACTION_TIERS: Dict[str, ApprovalTier] = {
+    # Tier 0: Safe (read-only)
+    "read_file": ApprovalTier.SAFE,
+    "search_files": ApprovalTier.SAFE,
+    "web_search": ApprovalTier.SAFE,
+    "session_search": ApprovalTier.SAFE,
+    "list_files": ApprovalTier.SAFE,
+    "get_file_content": ApprovalTier.SAFE,
+    "memory_search": ApprovalTier.SAFE,
+    "skills_list": ApprovalTier.SAFE,
+    "skills_search": ApprovalTier.SAFE,
+    
+    # Tier 1: Low (write operations)
+    "write_file": ApprovalTier.LOW,
+    "create_file": ApprovalTier.LOW,
+    "patch_file": ApprovalTier.LOW,
+    "delete_file": ApprovalTier.LOW,
+    "execute_code": ApprovalTier.LOW,
+    "terminal": ApprovalTier.LOW,
+    "run_script": ApprovalTier.LOW,
+    "skill_install": ApprovalTier.LOW,
+    
+    # Tier 2: Medium (external actions)
+    "send_message": ApprovalTier.MEDIUM,
+    "web_fetch": ApprovalTier.MEDIUM,
+    "browser_navigate": ApprovalTier.MEDIUM,
+    "api_call": ApprovalTier.MEDIUM,
+    "gitea_create_issue": ApprovalTier.MEDIUM,
+    "gitea_create_pr": ApprovalTier.MEDIUM,
+    "git_push": ApprovalTier.MEDIUM,
+    "deploy": ApprovalTier.MEDIUM,
+    
+    # Tier 3: High (sensitive operations)
+    "config_change": ApprovalTier.HIGH,
+    "env_change": ApprovalTier.HIGH,
+    "key_rotation": ApprovalTier.HIGH,
+    "access_grant": ApprovalTier.HIGH,
+    "permission_change": ApprovalTier.HIGH,
+    "backup_restore": ApprovalTier.HIGH,
+    
+    # Tier 4: Critical (crisis/dangerous)
+    "kill_process": ApprovalTier.CRITICAL,
+    "rm_rf": ApprovalTier.CRITICAL,
+    "format_disk": ApprovalTier.CRITICAL,
+    "shutdown": ApprovalTier.CRITICAL,
+    "crisis_override": ApprovalTier.CRITICAL,
+}
+
+
+# Dangerous command patterns (from existing approval.py)
+_DANGEROUS_PATTERNS = [
+    (r"rm\s+-rf\s+/", ApprovalTier.CRITICAL),
+    (r"mkfs\.", ApprovalTier.CRITICAL),
+    (r"dd\s+if=.*of=/dev/", ApprovalTier.CRITICAL),
+    (r"shutdown|reboot|halt", ApprovalTier.CRITICAL),
+    (r"chmod\s+777", ApprovalTier.HIGH),
+    (r"curl.*\|\s*bash", ApprovalTier.HIGH),
+    (r"wget.*\|\s*sh", ApprovalTier.HIGH),
+    (r"eval\s*\(", ApprovalTier.HIGH),
+    (r"sudo\s+", ApprovalTier.MEDIUM),
+    (r"git\s+push.*--force", ApprovalTier.HIGH),
+    (r"docker\s+rm.*-f", ApprovalTier.MEDIUM),
+    (r"kubectl\s+delete", ApprovalTier.HIGH),
+]
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ApprovalRequest:
+    """A request for approval."""
+    action: str
+    tier: ApprovalTier
+    command: str
+    reason: str
+    session_key: str
+    timeout_seconds: Optional[int] = None
+    
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "action": self.action,
+            "tier": self.tier.value,
+            "tier_name": TIER_INFO[self.tier]["name"],
+            "command": self.command,
+            "reason": self.reason,
+            "session_key": self.session_key,
+            "timeout": self.timeout_seconds,
+            "human_required": TIER_INFO[self.tier]["human_required"],
+            "llm_required": TIER_INFO[self.tier]["llm_required"],
+        }
+
+
+def detect_tier(action: str, command: str = "") -> ApprovalTier:
+    """
+    Detect the approval tier for an action.
+    
+    Checks action name first, then falls back to pattern matching.
+    """
+    # Direct action mapping
+    if action in ACTION_TIERS:
+        return ACTION_TIERS[action]
+    
+    # Pattern matching on command
+    if command:
+        for pattern, tier in _DANGEROUS_PATTERNS:
+            if re.search(pattern, command, re.IGNORECASE):
+                return tier
+    
+    # Default to LOW for unknown actions
+    return ApprovalTier.LOW
+
+
+def requires_human_approval(tier: ApprovalTier) -> bool:
+    """Check if tier requires human approval."""
+    return TIER_INFO[tier]["human_required"]
+
+
+def requires_llm_approval(tier: ApprovalTier) -> bool:
+    """Check if tier requires LLM approval."""
+    return TIER_INFO[tier]["llm_required"]
+
+
+def get_timeout(tier: ApprovalTier) -> Optional[int]:
+    """Get timeout in seconds for a tier."""
+    return TIER_INFO[tier]["timeout_seconds"]
+
+
+def should_auto_approve(action: str, command: str = "") -> bool:
+    """Check if action should be auto-approved (tier 0)."""
+    tier = detect_tier(action, command)
+    return tier == ApprovalTier.SAFE
+
+
+def format_approval_prompt(request: ApprovalRequest) -> str:
+    """Format an approval request for display."""
+    info = TIER_INFO[request.tier]
+    lines = []
+    lines.append(f"⚠️ Approval Required (Tier {request.tier.value}: {info['name']})")
+    lines.append(f"")
+    lines.append(f"Action: {request.action}")
+    lines.append(f"Command: {request.command[:100]}{'...' if len(request.command) > 100 else ''}")
+    lines.append(f"Reason: {request.reason}")
+    lines.append(f"")
+    
+    if info["human_required"]:
+        lines.append(f"👤 Human approval required")
+    if info["llm_required"]:
+        lines.append(f"🤖 LLM approval required")
+    if info["timeout_seconds"]:
+        lines.append(f"⏱️ Timeout: {info['timeout_seconds']}s")
+    
+    return "\n".join(lines)
+
+
+def create_approval_request(
+    action: str,
+    command: str,
+    reason: str,
+    session_key: str
+) -> ApprovalRequest:
+    """Create an approval request for an action."""
+    tier = detect_tier(action, command)
+    timeout = get_timeout(tier)
+    
+    return ApprovalRequest(
+        action=action,
+        tier=tier,
+        command=command,
+        reason=reason,
+        session_key=session_key,
+        timeout_seconds=timeout
+    )
+
+
+# Crisis bypass rules
+CRISIS_BYPASS_ACTIONS = frozenset([
+    "send_message",  # Always allow sending crisis resources
+    "check_crisis",
+    "notify_crisis",
+])
+
+
+def is_crisis_bypass(action: str, context: str = "") -> bool:
+    """Check if action should bypass approval during crisis."""
+    if action in CRISIS_BYPASS_ACTIONS:
+        return True
+    
+    # Check if context indicates crisis
+    crisis_indicators = ["988", "crisis", "suicide", "self-harm", "lifeline"]
+    context_lower = context.lower()
+    return any(indicator in context_lower for indicator in crisis_indicators)

tools/error_classifier.py

@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+"""
+Tool Error Classification — Retryable vs Permanent.
+
+Classifies tool errors so the agent retries transient errors
+but gives up on permanent ones immediately.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import re
+import time
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from enum import Enum
+from typing import Optional, Dict, Any
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class ErrorCategory(Enum):
+    """Error category classification."""
+    RETRYABLE = "retryable"
+    PERMANENT = "permanent"
+    UNKNOWN = "unknown"
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ErrorClassification:
+    """Result of error classification."""
+    category: ErrorCategory
+    reason: str
+    should_retry: bool
+    max_retries: int
+    backoff_seconds: float
+    error_code: Optional[int] = None
+    error_type: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+# Retryable error patterns
+_RETRYABLE_PATTERNS = [
+    # HTTP status codes
+    (r"\b429\b", "rate limit", 3, 5.0),
+    (r"\b500\b", "server error", 3, 2.0),
+    (r"\b502\b", "bad gateway", 3, 2.0),
+    (r"\b503\b", "service unavailable", 3, 5.0),
+    (r"\b504\b", "gateway timeout", 3, 5.0),
+    
+    # Timeout patterns
+    (r"timeout", "timeout", 3, 2.0),
+    (r"timed out", "timeout", 3, 2.0),
+    (r"TimeoutExpired", "timeout", 3, 2.0),
+    
+    # Connection errors
+    (r"connection refused", "connection refused", 2, 5.0),
+    (r"connection reset", "connection reset", 2, 2.0),
+    (r"network unreachable", "network unreachable", 2, 10.0),
+    (r"DNS", "DNS error", 2, 5.0),
+    
+    # Transient errors
+    (r"temporary", "temporary error", 2, 2.0),
+    (r"transient", "transient error", 2, 2.0),
+    (r"retry", "retryable", 2, 2.0),
+]
+
+# Permanent error patterns
+_PERMANENT_PATTERNS = [
+    # HTTP status codes
+    (r"\b400\b", "bad request", "Invalid request parameters"),
+    (r"\b401\b", "unauthorized", "Authentication failed"),
+    (r"\b403\b", "forbidden", "Access denied"),
+    (r"\b404\b", "not found", "Resource not found"),
+    (r"\b405\b", "method not allowed", "HTTP method not supported"),
+    (r"\b409\b", "conflict", "Resource conflict"),
+    (r"\b422\b", "unprocessable", "Validation error"),
+    
+    # Schema/validation errors
+    (r"schema", "schema error", "Invalid data schema"),
+    (r"validation", "validation error", "Input validation failed"),
+    (r"invalid.*json", "JSON error", "Invalid JSON"),
+    (r"JSONDecodeError", "JSON error", "JSON parsing failed"),
+    
+    # Authentication
+    (r"api.?key", "API key error", "Invalid or missing API key"),
+    (r"token.*expir", "token expired", "Authentication token expired"),
+    (r"permission", "permission error", "Insufficient permissions"),
+    
+    # Not found patterns
+    (r"not found", "not found", "Resource does not exist"),
+    (r"does not exist", "not found", "Resource does not exist"),
+    (r"no such file", "file not found", "File does not exist"),
+    
+    # Quota/billing
+    (r"quota", "quota exceeded", "Usage quota exceeded"),
+    (r"billing", "billing error", "Billing issue"),
+    (r"insufficient.*funds", "billing error", "Insufficient funds"),
+]
+
+
+def classify_error(error: Exception, response_code: Optional[int] = None) -> ErrorClassification:
+    """
+    Classify an error as retryable or permanent.
+    
+    Args:
+        error: The exception that occurred
+        response_code: HTTP response code if available
+        
+    Returns:
+        ErrorClassification with retry guidance
+    """
+    error_str = str(error).lower()
+    error_type = type(error).__name__
+    
+    # Check response code first
+    if response_code:
+        if response_code in (429, 500, 502, 503, 504):
+            return ErrorClassification(
+                category=ErrorCategory.RETRYABLE,
+                reason=f"HTTP {response_code} - transient server error",
+                should_retry=True,
+                max_retries=3,
+                backoff_seconds=5.0 if response_code == 429 else 2.0,
+                error_code=response_code,
+                error_type=error_type,
+            )
+        elif response_code in (400, 401, 403, 404, 405, 409, 422):
+            return ErrorClassification(
+                category=ErrorCategory.PERMANENT,
+                reason=f"HTTP {response_code} - client error",
+                should_retry=False,
+                max_retries=0,
+                backoff_seconds=0,
+                error_code=response_code,
+                error_type=error_type,
+            )
+    
+    # Check retryable patterns
+    for pattern, reason, max_retries, backoff in _RETRYABLE_PATTERNS:
+        if re.search(pattern, error_str, re.IGNORECASE):
+            return ErrorClassification(
+                category=ErrorCategory.RETRYABLE,
+                reason=reason,
+                should_retry=True,
+                max_retries=max_retries,
+                backoff_seconds=backoff,
+                error_type=error_type,
+            )
+    
+    # Check permanent patterns
+    for pattern, error_code, reason in _PERMANENT_PATTERNS:
+        if re.search(pattern, error_str, re.IGNORECASE):
+            return ErrorClassification(
+                category=ErrorCategory.PERMANENT,
+                reason=reason,
+                should_retry=False,
+                max_retries=0,
+                backoff_seconds=0,
+                error_type=error_type,
+            )
+    
+    # Default: unknown, treat as retryable with caution
+    return ErrorClassification(
+        category=ErrorCategory.UNKNOWN,
+        reason=f"Unknown error type: {error_type}",
+        should_retry=True,
+        max_retries=1,
+        backoff_seconds=1.0,
+        error_type=error_type,
+    )
+
+
+def execute_with_retry(
+    func,
+    *args,
+    max_retries: int = 3,
+    backoff_base: float = 1.0,
+    **kwargs,
+) -> Any:
+    """
+    Execute a function with automatic retry on retryable errors.
+    
+    Args:
+        func: Function to execute
+        *args: Function arguments
+        max_retries: Maximum retry attempts
+        backoff_base: Base backoff time in seconds
+        **kwargs: Function keyword arguments
+        
+    Returns:
+        Function result
+        
+    Raises:
+        Exception: If permanent error or max retries exceeded
+    """
+    last_error = None
+    
+    for attempt in range(max_retries + 1):
+        try:
+            return func(*args, **kwargs)
+        except Exception as e:
+            last_error = e
+            
+            # Classify the error
+            classification = classify_error(e)
+            
+            logger.info(
+                "Attempt %d/%d failed: %s (%s, retryable: %s)",
+                attempt + 1, max_retries + 1,
+                classification.reason,
+                classification.category.value,
+                classification.should_retry,
+            )
+            
+            # If permanent error, fail immediately
+            if not classification.should_retry:
+                logger.error("Permanent error: %s", classification.reason)
+                raise
+            
+            # If this was the last attempt, raise
+            if attempt >= max_retries:
+                logger.error("Max retries (%d) exceeded", max_retries)
+                raise
+            
+            # Calculate backoff with exponential increase
+            backoff = backoff_base * (2 ** attempt)
+            logger.info("Retrying in %.1fs...", backoff)
+            time.sleep(backoff)
+    
+    # Should not reach here, but just in case
+    raise last_error
+
+
+def format_error_report(classification: ErrorClassification) -> str:
+    """Format error classification as a report string."""
+    icon = "🔄" if classification.should_retry else "❌"
+    return f"{icon} {classification.category.value}: {classification.reason}"

tools/session_search_tool.py

@@ -394,6 +394,23 @@ def session_search(
             if len(seen_sessions) >= limit:
                 break
 
+        # RIDER: Reader-guided reranking — sort sessions by LLM answerability
+        # This bridges the R@5 vs E2E accuracy gap by prioritizing passages
+        # the LLM can actually answer from, not just keyword matches.
+        try:
+            from agent.rider import rerank_passages, is_rider_available
+            if is_rider_available() and len(seen_sessions) > 1:
+                rider_passages = [
+                    {"session_id": sid, "content": info.get("snippet", ""), "rank": i + 1}
+                    for i, (sid, info) in enumerate(seen_sessions.items())
+                ]
+                reranked = rerank_passages(rider_passages, query, top_n=len(rider_passages))
+                # Reorder seen_sessions by RIDER score
+                reranked_sids = [p["session_id"] for p in reranked]
+                seen_sessions = {sid: seen_sessions[sid] for sid in reranked_sids if sid in seen_sessions}
+        except Exception as e:
+            logging.debug("RIDER reranking skipped: %s", e)
+
         # Prepare all sessions for parallel summarization
         tasks = []
         for session_id, match_info in seen_sessions.items():